This multidisciplinary translational research project has generated a predominantly human sequence monoclonal antibody (mAb) with high affinity (Kd = 4 nM) for cocaine and specificity over cocaine's inactive metabolites. This unique new molecular entity (preclinical designation, 2E2, a human gamma 1 (?1) heavy chain and mouse lamda (?) light chain) is at an advanced stage of preclinical development for use in the prevention of relapse in treatment-seeking cocaine abusers. The development of 2E2 has met several key safety and efficacy milestones. The mostly human structure of this mAb should be safe for repeated treatments in patients and should confer long-term efficacy. Anti-cocaine mAbs bind to and sequester cocaine in the peripheral circulation and we have shown that 2E2 dramatically lowers brain cocaine concentrations in mice. Furthermore, 2E2 decreases the effect of cocaine in a rat model of relapse. Our industry collaborator, Vybion Inc., has reengineered a novel version of our mAb with a human kappa (?) light chain constant region replacing the mouse constant region. The reengineered mAb protein (h2E2) has been transiently expressed and h2E2 retains the identical affinity and specificity for cocaine as 2E2. This represents a proof-of-concept milestone and h2E2 represents our new lead candidate for commercialization. Work will be continued towards the development of a stably transfected mammalian cell line capable of the high level production of h2E2, which will be required for its clinical development. Targeted modifications of h2E2's primary structure aim to increase protein expression levels and stability, thereby enhancing the cost-effectiveness of production. The overall goal of the proposed studies is to provide the comprehensive structural and efficacy data for the highly expressed variant of h2E2 and then produce sufficient quantities of purified h2E2 to support the in vivo toxicology studies that are required for an IND application to the FDA.

Public Health Relevance

Cocaine abuse has a major negative impact on society and translating basic research findings into effective medications for this disease is an unmet need. We have generated and characterized a unique humanized anti-cocaine monoclonal antibody (mAb) that is suitable for clinical use for the prevention of relapse in cocaine abusers. The overall goal of this translational project is to develop a high efficiency mammalian cell-based production platform to produce commercial amounts of our humanized mAb. An effective treatment for cocaine abuse would have a profound impact on ameliorating this devastating public health problem.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Type
NIH Director’s Pioneer Award (NDPA) (DP1)
Project #
5DP1DA031386-05
Application #
8705483
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZDA1)
Program Officer
Chiang, Nora
Project Start
2010-09-30
Project End
2015-07-31
Budget Start
2014-08-01
Budget End
2015-07-31
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2014
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Cincinnati
Department
Psychiatry
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
City
Cincinnati
State
OH
Country
United States
Zip Code
45221
Wetzel, Hanna N; Zhang, Tongli; Norman, Andrew B (2017) A mathematical model of a recombinant humanized anti-cocaine monoclonal antibody's effects on cocaine pharmacokinetics in mice. Life Sci 184:81-86
Wetzel, Hanna N; Tsibulsky, Vladimir L; Norman, Andrew B (2016) The effects of a repeated dose of a recombinant humanized anti-cocaine monoclonal antibody on cocaine self-administration in rats. Drug Alcohol Depend 168:287-292
Kirley, Terence L; Greis, Kenneth D; Norman, Andrew B (2016) Selective disulfide reduction for labeling and enhancement of Fab antibody fragments. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 480:752-757
Kirley, Terence L; Greis, Kenneth D; Norman, Andrew B (2016) Structural characterization of expressed monoclonal antibodies by single sample mass spectral analysis after IdeS proteolysis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 477:363-8
Kirley, Terence L; Norman, Andrew B (2015) Characterization of a recombinant humanized anti-cocaine monoclonal antibody and its Fab fragment. Hum Vaccin Immunother 11:458-67
Wetzel, Hanna N; Tabet, Michael R; Ball, William J et al. (2014) The effects of a humanized recombinant anti-cocaine monoclonal antibody on the disposition of cocaethylene in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 23:387-90
Norman, Andrew B; Gooden, Felicia C T; Tabet, Michael R et al. (2014) A recombinant humanized anti-cocaine monoclonal antibody inhibits the distribution of cocaine to the brain in rats. Drug Metab Dispos 42:1125-31
Norman, Andrew B; Tabet, Michael R; Norman, Mantana K et al. (2014) Maintained cocaine self-administration is determined by quantal responses: implications for the measurement of antagonist potency. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 348:311-5
Norman, Andrew B; Ball Jr, William J (2012) Predicting the clinical efficacy and potential adverse effects of a humanized anticocaine monoclonal antibody. Immunotherapy 4:335-43
Norman, Andrew B; Tabet, Michael R; Norman, Mantana K et al. (2011) The affinity of D2-like dopamine receptor antagonists determines the time to maximal effect on cocaine self-administration. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 338:724-8

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