The NIH has declared its intention to leverage the power of science to identify health interventions that yield the greatest benefits by assessing their relative effectiveness and cost-effectiveness in real- world settings. Thus, evidence-based approaches will guide the translation of basic biomedical research into routine clinical practice and public health policy. The NIH's commitment aligns with the Sydney Declaration, signed by more than 2,000 public health professionals worldwide. This Declaration recommends that 10% of all resources dedicated to HIV programming be used for research towards optimizing interventions utilized and health outcomes achieved, and asserts that without such a sustained effort, ending the HIV/AIDS epidemic will not be possible. Despite calls for greater investment, substantive innovation in implementation science methodology has not yet materialized. Development of relevant and accessible methodology and software to enable sound evidence-based practice stands to contribute importantly to meeting the Millennium Development Goals; specifically, ending the HIV/AIDS epidemic, providing universal access to AIDS treatment, and reducing maternal and under-5 child mortality. The United States, as the world's leading funder of HIV/AIDS relief and other global health initiatives, has a vital stake in an evidence-based deployment of this massive investment in improving health and alleviating human suffering worldwide. The purpose of this proposal is to advance the emerging field of implementation science by developing a comprehensive translational science analytics toolkit-a much needed resource for investigators, practitioners, and policymakers who seek to drive today's global and domestic health agenda through the integration of research findings and evidence into healthcare policy and practice. The principal investigator will undertake a fundamental shift in her career trajectory, to develop new methods and adapt existin

Public Health Relevance

This project will advance the emerging field of translational/implementation science by developing a comprehensive translational science analytics toolkit-a much needed resource for investigators, practitioners, and policymakers who seek to promote today's global and domestic health agenda through the integration of research findings into evidence-based healthcare policy and practice. A number of peer-reviewed scientific publications of the highest quality describing novel methodology will emanate from this project, and, in addition, a book or monograph, and the curriculum for a 5-day short course will be produced and taught. The development and dissemination of the comprehensive analytics toolkit proposed here will pave the way for widespread adoption of evidence-based evaluation and decision-making of programs and interventions in hospitals, by Medicare, and by local, state and national governments around the world.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)
Type
NIH Director’s Pioneer Award (NDPA) (DP1)
Project #
5DP1ES025459-03
Application #
9118218
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1)
Program Officer
Joubert, Bonnie
Project Start
2014-09-16
Project End
2019-07-31
Budget Start
2016-08-01
Budget End
2017-07-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2016
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Harvard University
Department
Public Health & Prev Medicine
Type
Schools of Public Health
DUNS #
149617367
City
Boston
State
MA
Country
United States
Zip Code
Wong, Benedict H W; Peskoe, Sarah B; Spiegelman, Donna (2018) The effect of risk factor misclassification on the partial population attributable risk. Stat Med 37:1259-1275
Liao, Xiaomei; Zhou, Xin; Wang, Molin et al. (2018) Survival analysis with functions of mismeasured covariate histories: the case of chronic air pollution exposure in relation to mortality in the nurses' health study. J R Stat Soc Ser C Appl Stat 67:307-327
Spiegelman, Donna; Khudyakov, Polyna; Wang, Molin et al. (2018) Evaluating Public Health Interventions: 7. Let the Subject Matter Choose the Effect Measure: Ratio, Difference, or Something Else Entirely. Am J Public Health 108:73-76
Buchanan, Ashley L; Vermund, Sten H; Friedman, Samuel R et al. (2018) Assessing Individual and Disseminated Effects in Network-Randomized Studies. Am J Epidemiol 187:2449-2459
G Thomas, Emma; B Peskoe, Sarah; Spiegelman, Donna (2018) Prevalence estimation when disease status is verified only among test positives: Applications in HIV screening programs. Stat Med 37:1101-1114
Shrestha, Archana; Karmacharya, Biraj Man; Khudyakov, Polyna et al. (2018) Dietary interventions to prevent and manage diabetes in worksite settings: a meta-analysis. J Occup Health 60:31-45
Nevo, Daniel; Liao, Xiaomei; Spiegelman, Donna (2017) Estimation and Inference for the Mediation Proportion. Int J Biostat 13:
Spiegelman, Donna; VanderWeele, Tyler J (2017) Evaluating Public Health Interventions: 6. Modeling Ratios or Differences? Let the Data Tell Us. Am J Public Health 107:1087-1091
Glymour, M Maria; Spiegelman, Donna (2017) Evaluating Public Health Interventions: 5. Causal Inference in Public Health Research-Do Sex, Race, and Biological Factors Cause Health Outcomes? Am J Public Health 107:81-85
Zhou, Xin; Liao, Xiaomei; Spiegelman, Donna (2017) ""Cross-sectional"" stepped wedge designs always reduce the required sample size when there is no time effect. J Clin Epidemiol 83:108-109

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