Youth substance use and abuse in the U.S. is a critical public health issue and a risk factor for morbidity and mortality in adolescents. Examination of risk for substance use has identified that maltreatment in childhood is a relevant factor;research has indicated that youth exposed to maltreatment are more likely than their non- maltreated peers to have substance use problems. In some cases, children are removed from their homes due to maltreatment or neglect, and recent research revealed higher rates of substance use disorders in youth residing in out-of-home placements when compared to peers in the general population. Although the relation between maltreatment in childhood and subsequent substance use is recognized, pathways related to risk and protection for substance use behavior and other negative outcomes following maltreatment have yet to be fully delineated. One important factor, coping behavior, has been implicated in the relation between adverse life events and subsequent behavioral and emotional outcomes. The association between substance use and coping remains unclear;many have hypothesized that substance use may actually be an indicator of maladaptive coping. Further, significant methodological weaknesses exist in the literature investigating the link between maltreatment and substance use in youth including overuse of retrospective reports by adults about childhood maltreatment and substance use, failure of researchers to investigate the psychometric properties of their measures of substance use or maltreatment, exclusion of relevant covariates, failure to include diverse types of abuse such as neglect and psychological maltreatment, and use of small samples. Previous reviews of the literature have highlighted the need for attention to these methodological issues and more research conducted with youth enrolled in out-of-home care. To address this gap, this study will provide a comprehensive investigation into the role of maltreatment as a predictor of substance use and coping behaviors in a sample of youth in foster care. To achieve this, the proposed study will utilize a structural equation modeling framework to assess competing models of moderation: 1) a model with maltreatment predicting substance use with coping behaviors as a moderator and 2) a model with maltreatment predicting coping strategies with substance use as a moderator. Preliminary analyses will examine the measurement model of the substance use measure, as well as potential covariates of substance use in the foster sample such as child and placement characteristics. Model testing will assess overall fit of each moderation model, then Participants will be drawn from a larger, longitudinal study funded by NIH entitled """"""""Studying Pathways to Adjustment and Resilience in Kids"""""""" (SPARK) and will include 150 children and adolescents aged 8 years and older who are enrolled in Jackson County foster care. Improved scientific knowledge of the complex interactions of these factors from this study will provide a more comprehensive model for investigating associations between child maltreatment, coping behaviors, and substance use in foster care youth.

Public Health Relevance

To better understand complex relations between risk and protective factors, this project seeks to explore the interactive effects of substance use and coping following exposure to maltreatment in foster care youth. Given the increased risk for substance use following maltreatment, this population has been identified as a research priority. The proposed study aims to test competing moderation models of coping and substance use as a means of answering important questions related to factors important in intervention and prevention for high-risk youth enrolled in out-of-home care.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Type
Predoctoral Individual National Research Service Award (F31)
Project #
1F31DA034423-01
Application #
8398240
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-F16-B (20))
Program Officer
Weinberg, Naimah Z
Project Start
2012-08-05
Project End
2015-08-04
Budget Start
2012-08-05
Budget End
2013-08-04
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2012
Total Cost
$35,996
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Kansas Lawrence
Department
Type
Organized Research Units
DUNS #
076248616
City
Lawrence
State
KS
Country
United States
Zip Code
66045
Gabrielli, Joy; Jackson, Yo; Huffhines, Lindsay et al. (2018) Maltreatment, Coping, and Substance Use in Youth in Foster Care: Examination of Moderation Models. Child Maltreat 23:175-185
Jackson, Yo; Huffhines, Lindsay; Stone, Katie J et al. (2017) Coping styles in youth exposed to maltreatment: Longitudinal patterns reported by youth in foster care. Child Abuse Negl 70:65-74
Gabrielli, Joy; Jackson, Yo; Tunno, Angela M et al. (2017) The blind men and the elephant: Identification of a latent maltreatment construct for youth in foster care. Child Abuse Negl 67:98-108
Fite, Paula J; Gabrielli, Joy; Cooley, John L et al. (2016) Associations Between Physical and Relational Forms of Peer Aggression and Victimization and Risk for Substance Use Among Elementary School-Age Youth. J Child Adolesc Subst Abuse 25:1-10
Gabrielli, Joy; Jackson, Yo; Brown, Shaquanna (2015) Measurement of Behavioral and Emotional Outcomes of Youth in Foster Care: Investigation of the Roles of Age and Placement Type. J Psychopathol Behav Assess 37:422-431
Gabrielli, Joy; Hambrick, Erin P; Tunno, Angela M et al. (2015) Longitudinal Assessment of Self-Harm Statements of Youth in Foster Care: Rates, Reporters, and Related Factors. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 46:893-902
Hambrick, Erin P; Tunno, Angela M; Gabrielli, Joy et al. (2014) Using Multiple Informants to Assess Child Maltreatment: Concordance Between Case File and Youth Self-Report. J Aggress Maltreat Trauma 23:751-771
Fite, Paula J; Gabrielli, Joy; Cooley, John L et al. (2014) Hope as a Moderator of the Associations between Common Risk Factors and Frequency of Substance Use among Latino Adolescents. J Psychopathol Behav Assess 36:653-662
Jackson, Yo; Gabrielli, Joy; Fleming, Kandace et al. (2014) Untangling the relative contribution of maltreatment severity and frequency to type of behavioral outcome in foster youth. Child Abuse Negl 38:1147-59