The mitochondrial theory of aging states that the accumulation of oxidative damage with age results in mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to altered energetics and initiation of cell death cascades. However, support for this chain of events is equivocal, despite several decades of intense research effort. Due to the lack of necessary tools to measure mitochondrial function in vivo, current approaches have typically focused on in vitro measurements of mitochondrial function, particularly the electron transport chain (ETC), making it necessary to extrapolate to the physiological state. To overcome this limitation, we have developed novel methods to directly measure mitochondrial function in vivo. We propose that reduced coupling of ATP synthesis to O2 consumption (P/O) is an important mechanism of mitochondrial dysfunction in aging muscle. We test this hypothesis in aim 1 by determining in vivo mitochondrial P/O, maximal ETC flux, capacity for ATP synthesis, and in vitro ETC activity in relation to the accumulation of oxidative damage in mouse skeletal muscle at four ages.
In aim 2 we test the mechanistic link between oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in vivo using a transgenic mouse model that overexpresses an antioxidant enzyme in mitochondria to increase the resistance of mitochodnria to oxidative stress with age.
Aim 3 tests the reversibility of the loss of mitochondrial function in aging muscle using exercise training to increase mitochondrial proliferation and turnover, thereby replacing damaged mitochondria. This proposal uses state of the art in vivo spectroscopy to address the controversy surrounding experimental evidence for the mitochondrial theory of aging. This mentored research plan will facilitate Dr. Marcinek's development as a gerontologic researcher and junior faculty member in the Department of Radiology at the University of Washington. The mentors for this proposal represent several decades of experience in their respective fields - George Martin and Peter Rabinovitch for the biology of aging and Kevin Conley and Martin Kushmerick for quantitative bioenergetics and in vivo spectroscopy. Internationally recognized programs in muscle metabolism and the biology of aging at the University of Washington make this environment ideally suited to a research career integrating the study of aging and metabolism.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Aging (NIA)
Type
Research Scientist Development Award - Research & Training (K01)
Project #
1K01AG022385-01A2
Application #
6870808
Study Section
National Institute on Aging Initial Review Group (NIA)
Program Officer
Finkelstein, David B
Project Start
2005-03-01
Project End
2010-02-28
Budget Start
2005-03-01
Budget End
2006-02-28
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2005
Total Cost
$102,600
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Washington
Department
Pathology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
605799469
City
Seattle
State
WA
Country
United States
Zip Code
98195
Siegel, Michael P; Kruse, Shane E; Knowels, Gary et al. (2011) Reduced coupling of oxidative phosphorylation in vivo precedes electron transport chain defects due to mild oxidative stress in mice. PLoS One 6:e26963
Marcinek, David J; Kushmerick, Martin J; Conley, Kevin E (2010) Lactic acidosis in vivo: testing the link between lactate generation and H+ accumulation in ischemic mouse muscle. J Appl Physiol (1985) 108:1479-86
Lee, Donghoon; Marcinek, David (2009) Noninvasive in vivo small animal MRI and MRS: basic experimental procedures. J Vis Exp :
Amara, Catherine E; Marcinek, David J; Shankland, Eric G et al. (2008) Mitochondrial function in vivo: spectroscopy provides window on cellular energetics. Methods 46:312-8
Kruse, Shane E; Watt, William C; Marcinek, David J et al. (2008) Mice with mitochondrial complex I deficiency develop a fatal encephalomyopathy. Cell Metab 7:312-20
Conley, Kevin E; Marcinek, David J; Villarin, Jason (2007) Mitochondrial dysfunction and age. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 10:688-92
Marcinek, David J; Amara, Catherine E; Matz, Kimberly et al. (2007) Wavelength shift analysis: a simple method to determine the contribution of hemoglobin and myoglobin to in vivo optical spectra. Appl Spectrosc 61:665-9
Marcinek, David J; Schenkman, Kenneth A; Ciesielski, Wayne A et al. (2005) Reduced mitochondrial coupling in vivo alters cellular energetics in aged mouse skeletal muscle. J Physiol 569:467-73