More than five percent of the US population over 65 has cognitive impairment. This proportion will quadruple by 2050. During the same time period, the US minority population will double. Thus, understanding how cognitive impairment develops in minority elders is an increasingly important public health issue. This proposal will examine cognitive decline, defined as cognitive function changes over time. We will not only examine racial disparities in cognitive decline, but also examine how these disparities influence downstream health outcomes (i.e. functional decline, nursing home placement, and death).
The aims of this proposal are: ? 1) To determine if there is a disparity in cognitive decline between older adults of minority and White race, and if so, to identify factors that explain this disparity 2) To determine and compare the impact of cognitive decline on poor health outcomes (functional decline, nursing home placement, and death) for older adults of minority and White race; and 3) To determine whether intervening health events (i.e. hospitalizations) mediate the association between cognitive decline and poor health outcomes. This proposal will use state-of the- art longitudinal modeling strategies coupled with advanced psychometrics to investigate these associations. This research will be conducted in three race/ethnic groups: African American (AA), Latino (L) and White (W) older adults. We will test our hypotheses in the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study (Health ABC) (n=3075, 6 years of follow up, 42% AA) and the Assets in Health Dynamics in the Oldest Old Study (AHEAD) (n=6566, 10 years of follow up, 13% AA, 5% L). Identifying the underlying causes of racial disparities in cognitive decline and poor health outcomes is important, because it will be the first step towards eliminating these disparities. ? At the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), Dr. Mehta has the support of a multidisciplinary team of mentors, who will guide her in linking her career development plan with her research aims. Her intense training plan includes didactic course work and structured tutorials on: 1) minority research 2) health outcomes research 3) the evaluation of cognitive decline, 4) state-of-the art statistical skills, and 5) general research skills. In sum, this five-year plan couples a focused set of hypotheses with an intense training plan built to launch a successful career as an independent investigator. ? ?

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Aging (NIA)
Type
Research Scientist Development Award - Research & Training (K01)
Project #
5K01AG025444-03
Application #
7268631
Study Section
National Institute on Aging Initial Review Group (NIA)
Program Officer
Stahl, Sidney M
Project Start
2005-08-01
Project End
2010-07-31
Budget Start
2007-08-01
Budget End
2008-07-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2007
Total Cost
$116,194
Indirect Cost
Name
University of California San Francisco
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
094878337
City
San Francisco
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
94143
Mehta, Kala M; Yeo, Gwen W (2017) Systematic review of dementia prevalence and incidence in United States race/ethnic populations. Alzheimers Dement 13:72-83
So, Cynthia; Kirby, Katharine A; Mehta, Kala et al. (2012) Medical center characteristics associated with PSA screening in elderly veterans with limited life expectancy. J Gen Intern Med 27:653-60
Pierluissi, Edgar; Mehta, Kala M; Kirby, Katharine A et al. (2012) Depressive symptoms after hospitalization in older adults: function and mortality outcomes. J Am Geriatr Soc 60:2254-62
Gibbons, Laura E; Crane, Paul K; Mehta, Kala M et al. (2011) Multiple, correlated covariates associated with differential item functioning (DIF): Accounting for language DIF when education levels differ across languages. Ageing Res 2:19-25
Yang, Frances M; Heslin, Kevin C; Mehta, Kala M et al. (2011) A comparison of item response theory-based methods for examining differential item functioning in object naming test by language of assessment among older Latinos. Psychol Test Assess Model 53:440-460
Mehta, Kala M; Pierluissi, Edgar; Boscardin, W John et al. (2011) A clinical index to stratify hospitalized older adults according to risk for new-onset disability. J Am Geriatr Soc 59:1206-16
Mehta, Kala M; Fung, Kathy Z; Kistler, Christine E et al. (2010) Impact of cognitive impairment on screening mammography use in older US women. Am J Public Health 100:1917-23
Mehta, Kala M; Stewart, Anita L; Langa, Kenneth M et al. (2009) ""Below average"" self-assessed school performance and Alzheimer's disease in the Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study. Alzheimers Dement 5:380-7
Mehta, K M; Yaffe, K; Perez-Stable, E J et al. (2008) Race/ethnic differences in AD survival in US Alzheimer's Disease Centers. Neurology 70:1163-70
Mehta, Kala M; Yaffe, Kristine; Brenes, Gretchen A et al. (2007) Anxiety symptoms and decline in physical function over 5 years in the health, aging and body composition study. J Am Geriatr Soc 55:265-70

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