Cognitive deficits remain prevalent among HIV+ individuals in the era of combination antiretroviral therapies, inhibiting adherence to life-saving treatments and lowering quality of life. HIV-infected women report high rates of exposure to acute and chronic stressors such as those resulting from the high prevalence of early childhood trauma as well as challenges related to HIV disease management in adulthood. These stressors can lead to profound and sustained negative physiological and psychological consequences including cognitive deficits and brain dysfunction. The primary goal of this project is to develop an independent scholarly program of research that addresses the role of stress and stress hormones on cognitive dysfunction among HIV+ women, with the ultimate objective of designing an intervention that lowers stress and improves cognition. This four- year program of training and research includes: 1) application of epidemiological and biostatistical methods to analysis of cognitive data from a large, longitudinal, multi-site cohort of HIV+ and HIV- women to study dysfunction associated with HIV status, especially among women with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD);and 2) conducting a pharmacological challenge study to better understand the mechanisms underlying stress and related cognitive dysfunction, and then using newly acquired knowledge to design an intervention to enhance cognitive function among HIV+ women. Training will include coursework, mentoring, and practical experience in advanced methods in epidemiology, biostatistics, pharmacological challenge studies, and intervention science in the context of HIV. Two studies are proposed. The first will characterize relationships between stress and cognition in HIV+ vs. HIV- women in the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS), the largest prospective multicenter cohort study of at-risk women in the U.S. and the longest ongoing study of HIV disease progression in women. Based on preliminary results from data on ~1000 HIV+ women and uninfected controls, we will test the hypothesis that perceived stress and PTSD symptom severity are more strongly related to cognitive impairment in HIV+ than HIV- women, and that HIV-associated vulnerability to stress is most evident on tasks involving the prefrontal cortex. The second study is a hydrocortisone challenge study among HIV+ women contrasting those with (n=15) and without (n=15) a PTSD diagnosis to determine whether the former group shows greater prefrontal task impairment than the latter following hydrocortisone administration. Results of these two studies will provide a foundation for designing subsequent mechanistic and treatment studies (R01s) to improve cognition among HIV+ women, and submission of grant proposals to fund this line of inquiry.

Public Health Relevance

HIV+ women's exposure to acute and chronic stressors is associated with cognitive and brain dysfunction that interferes with treatment adherence and lowers quality of life. Interventions based on a better understanding of neuroendocrine processes have the potential to enhance treatment adherence, lower morbidity and mortality, and reduce treatment costs, resulting in greater well-being for their these women and their families, and improved public health for our nation.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Type
Research Scientist Development Award - Research & Training (K01)
Project #
1K01MH098798-01
Application #
8410321
Study Section
Behavioral and Social Consequences of HIV/AIDS Study Section (BSCH)
Program Officer
Stoff, David M
Project Start
2012-08-15
Project End
2016-05-31
Budget Start
2012-08-15
Budget End
2013-05-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2012
Total Cost
$162,460
Indirect Cost
$12,034
Name
University of Illinois at Chicago
Department
Psychiatry
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
098987217
City
Chicago
State
IL
Country
United States
Zip Code
60612
Huck, Daniel M; Hanna, David B; Rubin, Leah H et al. (2018) Carotid Artery Stiffness and Cognitive Decline Among Women With or at Risk for HIV Infection. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 78:338-347
Rubin, Leah H; Phan, K Luan; Keating, Sheila M et al. (2018) A single low dose of hydrocortisone enhances cognitive functioning in HIV-infected women. AIDS 32:1983-1993
Rubin, Leah H; Benning, Lorie; Keating, Sheila M et al. (2018) Variability in C-reactive protein is associated with cognitive impairment in women living with and without HIV: a longitudinal study. J Neurovirol 24:41-51
Rubin, Leah H; Radtke, Kendra K; Eum, Seenae et al. (2018) Cognitive Burden of Common Non-antiretroviral Medications in HIV-Infected Women. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 79:83-91
Radtke, Kendra K; Bacchetti, Peter; Anastos, Kathryn et al. (2018) Use of Nonantiretroviral Medications That May Impact Neurocognition: Patterns and Predictors in a Large, Long-Term HIV Cohort Study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 78:202-208
Rubin, Leah H; Cook, Judith A; Springer, Gayle et al. (2017) Perceived and post-traumatic stress are associated with decreased learning, memory, and fluency in HIV-infected women. AIDS 31:2393-1401
Mordecai, Kristen L; Rubin, Leah H; Eatough, Erin et al. (2017) Cortisol reactivity and emotional memory after psychosocial stress in oral contraceptive users. J Neurosci Res 95:126-135
Imp, Brandon M; Rubin, Leah H; Tien, Phyllis C et al. (2017) Monocyte Activation Is Associated With Worse Cognitive Performance in HIV-Infected Women With Virologic Suppression. J Infect Dis 215:114-121
Rubin, Leah H; Phan, K Luan; Keating, Sheila M et al. (2017) Brief Report: Low-Dose Hydrocortisone Has Acute Enhancing Effects on Verbal Learning in HIV-Infected Men. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 75:e65-e70
Rubin, Leah H; Wu, Minjie; Sundermann, Erin E et al. (2016) Elevated stress is associated with prefrontal cortex dysfunction during a verbal memory task in women with HIV. J Neurovirol 22:840-851

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