This is the final resubmission for the K07 award. Candidate: Tianying Wu has a unique academic background, with a PhD in nutrition biochemistry and postdoctoral training in nutrition and molecular epidemiology at the Harvard School of Public Health, where she also earned a master's degree in epidemiology. She is currently an Assistant Professor at the University of Cincinnati Medical Center. This award will provide Dr. Wu with a valuable opportunity to enhance her knowledge of cancer epidemiology and cancer biology and to acquire advanced statistical skills. Thus, this award will enable her to become an independent cancer epidemiologist with a rare combination of skills that can bring new insights to the field of cancer etiology. Research: Oxidative stress is hypothesized to play an important role in prostate cancer (PCa) development and progression, but no large epidemiologic studies have proven this association. This gap exists because the oxidative stress scenario is complex;traditional oxidation markers are unstable and cannot maximally capture oxidative stress from many sources. To address this gap, we will use fluorescent oxidation products, a novel, global oxidative stress marker that is stable and can maximally reflect oxidative stress from different sources. Measuring global oxidation will form the basis for better estimation of the contributions of individual oxidative stress pathways such as the nitric oxide (NO)-induced and glycoxidative-induced pathways. Further, oxidative stress may be modifiable through diet;however, a dietary pattern specifically associated with oxidation has not been characterized. The unifying hypothesis is that increased levels of global oxidative stress will be associated with increased risk of PCa. Glycoxidative stress will predict the aggressiveness of PCa;however, this association is modified by the levels of FLOP. We also hypothesize that moderate to high levels of nitric oxide will be associated with a lower risk of PCa, when global oxidative stress is low. This hypothesis will be tested comprehensively by completion of the following specific aims using the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS): (1) examination of oxidative stress in relation to PCa using a prospective nested case-control design, (2) exploration of key dietary predictors of oxidation markers using reduced rank regression models, and determination of the association between the created dietary score and incidence of PCa in the whole HPFS cohort, and (3) accurate quantification of complex oxidation- PCa associations using structural equation models. Public Health Implications: (1) Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening has low specificity but high sensitivity. Our goal is to complement PSA screening. Instead of screening all men in the same manner regardless of their long-term risk, we will identify each person's estimated risk for PCa based on his global and specific oxidative stress levels in addition to his PSA results. This will identify individuals in need of aggressive treatment and will avoid overtreatment. (2) Predicting the effects of oxidative stress is of great interest, as oxidative stress levels may be modifiable.

Public Health Relevance

Implications: (1) Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening has low specificity but high sensitivity. Our goal is to complement PSA screening. Instead of screening all men in the same manner regardless of their long-term risk, we will identify each person's estimated risk for PCa based on his global and specific oxidative stress levels in addition to his PSA results. This will identify individuals in need of aggressive treatment and will avoid overtreatment. (2) Predicting the effects of oxidative stress is of great interest, as oxidative stress levels may be modifiable. Narrative Our goal is to complement PSA screening. Instead of screening all men in the same manner regardless of their long-term risk, we will identify each person's estimated risk for prostate cancer based on his global and specific oxidative stress levels in addition to his PSA results. Predicting the effects of oxidative stress is of great interest, as oxidative stress levels may be modifiable, and we will identify dietary factors associated with these oxidation pathways.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Academic/Teacher Award (ATA) (K07)
Project #
5K07CA138714-02
Application #
8139795
Study Section
Subcommittee G - Education (NCI)
Program Officer
Perkins, Susan N
Project Start
2010-09-08
Project End
2015-08-31
Budget Start
2011-09-01
Budget End
2012-08-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$165,023
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Cincinnati
Department
Public Health & Prev Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
041064767
City
Cincinnati
State
OH
Country
United States
Zip Code
45221
Yang, Shuman; Pinney, Susan M; Mallick, Palash et al. (2015) Impact of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Carboxymethyllysine (an Advanced Glycation End Product) on Prostate Cancer: A Prospective Study. Clin Genitourin Cancer 13:e347-51
Yang, Shuman; Giovannucci, Edward; Bracken, Bruce et al. (2015) Association between plasma fluorescent oxidation products and erectile dysfunction: A prospective study. BMC Urol 15:85
Yang, Shuman; Chen, Aimin; Wu, Tianying (2015) Association of history of fracture with prehypertension and hypertension: a retrospective case-control study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 16:86
Yang, Shuman; Jensen, Majken K; Rimm, Eric B et al. (2014) Erythrocyte superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase activities and risk of coronary heart disease in generally healthy women: a prospective study. Am J Epidemiol 180:901-8
Yang, Shuman; Feskanich, Diane; Willett, Walter C et al. (2014) Association between global biomarkers of oxidative stress and hip fracture in postmenopausal women: a prospective study. J Bone Miner Res 29:2577-83
Wang, Yushan; Townsend, Mary K; Eliassen, A Heather et al. (2013) Stability and Reproducibility of the Measurement of Plasma Nitrate in Large Epidemiologic Studies. N Am J Med Sci (Boston) 6:82-86
Wu, Tianying; Wang, Yushan; Ho, Shuk-Mei et al. (2013) Plasma levels of nitrate and risk of prostate cancer: a prospective study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 22:1210-8
Fortner, Renée T; Tworoger, Shelley S; Wu, Tianying et al. (2013) Plasma florescent oxidation products and breast cancer risk: repeated measures in the Nurses' Health Study. Breast Cancer Res Treat 141:307-16
Jensen, Majken K; Wang, Yushan; Rimm, Eric B et al. (2013) Fluorescent oxidation products and risk of coronary heart disease: a prospective study in women. J Am Heart Assoc 2:e000195
Cui, Jiajun; Germer, Katherine; Wu, Tianying et al. (2012) Cross-talk between HER2 and MED1 regulates tamoxifen resistance of human breast cancer cells. Cancer Res 72:5625-34

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