Cigarette smoke (CS) is a major factor in the pathogenesis of COPD. However, only a minority of smokers get COPD and the rate of CS-induced pulmonary deterioration differs greatly amongst individuals. CS induced emphysema via altering protease/antiprotease balance in the lung. However, the mechanisms by which CS exerts its effects and the host factors that define individual susceptibility are poorly understood. Inflammation (macrophages, lymphocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils) is common in COPD. The importance of inflammation in generating COPD, the ability of inflammation to alter proteases and antiproteases and, the degree to which different types of inflammation can account for different presentations of patients with COPD have not been defined. We recently established an inducible overexpression (OE) transgenic system and used this system to overexpress IL-13 and/or gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma) in the adult murine lung. Individually both cytokines caused impressive emphysema. With IL-13 the emphysema occurred rapidly and was associated with mucus metaplasia and macrophage, lymphocyte and eosinophil rich inflammation. In the IFN-gamma mouse, the emphysema occurred slowly, was not associated with mucus metaplasia and was associated with macrophage and granulocyte rich inflammation. Mice expressing both IFN-gamma and IL-13 had a synergistic increase in emphysema. We hypothesize that: (1) IL-13 and IFN-gamma alone and in combination, activate important emphysema generating pathways in the lung; (2) effects of IL-13 and/or IFN-gamma are mediated by distinct and differentiable alterations in pulmonary protease / antiprotease balance and (3) IFN-gamma and IL-13 play an important role in the pathogenesis of CS-induced emphysema. To test this hypothesis we propose to: (1) Further define the phenotype and protease / antiprotease alterations in IL-13 OE and IFN-y OE mice and progeny of crosses of these animals. (2) Characterize the importance of IL-13 / IFN-gamma-induced alterations in protease / antiprotease balance in the generation of the emphysema seen in these animals. (3) Characterize the expression and roles of IL-13 and/or IFN-gamma in murine CS-induced emphysema.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Clinical Investigator Award (CIA) (K08)
Project #
7K08AI055064-04
Application #
6970576
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZHL1-CSR-M (M1))
Program Officer
Prograis, Lawrence J
Project Start
2002-09-15
Project End
2007-10-31
Budget Start
2005-02-01
Budget End
2005-10-31
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2004
Total Cost
$101,984
Indirect Cost
Name
Johns Hopkins University
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
001910777
City
Baltimore
State
MD
Country
United States
Zip Code
21218
Oh, Sun Young; Zheng, Tao; Kim, Yoon-Keun et al. (2009) A critical role of SHP-1 in regulation of type 2 inflammation in the lung. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 40:568-74
Zheng, Tao; Oh, Min H; Oh, Sun Y et al. (2009) Transgenic expression of interleukin-13 in the skin induces a pruritic dermatitis and skin remodeling. J Invest Dermatol 129:742-51
Zheng, Tao; Liu, Wei; Oh, Sun-Young et al. (2008) IL-13 receptor alpha2 selectively inhibits IL-13-induced responses in the murine lung. J Immunol 180:522-9
Zheng, Tao; Rabach, Morgan; Chen, Ning Yuan et al. (2005) Molecular cloning and functional characterization of mouse chitotriosidase. Gene 357:37-46
Zheng, Tao; Zhu, Zhou (2005) Lessons from murine models of atopic dermatitis. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 5:291-7