This research career award is a plan to foster the development of Dr. Daniel Bonthius into an independent neuroscientist. Dr. Bonthius is a pediatric neurologist with a special interest in the adverse effects of environmental agents, including congenital viral infections, on fetal brain development. His long term career goal is to become a physician scientist capable of making meaningful contributions in neuroteratology. The research techniques on which Dr. Bonthius will focus are those of molecular neurobiology, which are of key importance in the field of neuroteratology. Dr. Bonthius will acquire his new research skills through a combination of didactic courses, skills workshops, technical seminars, and through his research into the neuroteratology of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection. LCMV is a prevalant virus which can serverely damage the developing human fetal brain. Injection of LCMV into the neonatal rat brain results in a selective infection of the cerebellar cortex and dentate gyrus. This infection triggers an acute distruction of the cerebellum and a delayed mortality of dentate granule cells. The objective of this proposal is to identify the mechanisms underlying the acute and the delayed pathologic changes.
The first aim i s to determine the dynamics of the viral infection and the time course and magnitude of the granule cell loss. Viral localization will be determined by immunocytochemistry and insitu hybridization and regional viral load will be determined by titer and Rnase protection assay. Stereological methods will be used to define the time course of the neuronal loss.
The second aim i s to test the hypothesis that the pathologic changes are immune mediated and to identify the immune cell types and molecules involved. LCMV infection will be studied in immune deficient rats. The role of specific immune cell types will be determine by immunocytochemistry and FACS analysis. The role of cytokines and of nitric oxide over- production in both the acute and delayed pathologic changes induced by LCMV will be explored.
The third aim i s to explore the possibility that alpha-dystroglycan (a-DG) is the cellular receptor for LCMV in the neonatal rat brain and plays a critical role in the tropism of the infection in vivo. The topography of a-DG expression in the developing brain will be demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and compared with the spatial distribution of LCMV infection. Double labeling experiments will determine whether LCMV infected brain cells universally express a-DG. The importance of a-DG in influencing the tropism and infectivity of LCMV will be examined by blocking a-DG with an antibody prior to exposure of brain slices to LCMV.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
Type
Clinical Investigator Award (CIA) (K08)
Project #
5K08NS002007-03
Application #
6393147
Study Section
NST-2 Subcommittee (NST)
Program Officer
Nunn, Michael
Project Start
1999-09-30
Project End
2003-08-31
Budget Start
2001-09-01
Budget End
2003-08-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2001
Total Cost
$109,296
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Iowa
Department
Pediatrics
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
041294109
City
Iowa City
State
IA
Country
United States
Zip Code
52242
Buchanan, Renee; Bonthius, Daniel J (2012) Measles virus and associated central nervous system sequelae. Semin Pediatr Neurol 19:107-14
Bonthius, Daniel J (2012) Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus: an underrecognized cause of neurologic disease in the fetus, child, and adult. Semin Pediatr Neurol 19:89-95
Bonthius, Daniel J; Luong, Thirath; Bonthius, Nancy E et al. (2009) Nitric oxide utilizes NF-kappaB to signal its neuroprotective effect against alcohol toxicity. Neuropharmacology 56:716-31
Karacay, Bahri; Li, Shenglan; Bonthius, Daniel J (2008) Maturation-dependent alcohol resistance in the developing mouse: cerebellar neuronal loss and gene expression during alcohol-vulnerable and -resistant periods. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 32:1439-50
Bonthius, Daniel J; Wright, Rhonda; Tseng, Brian et al. (2007) Congenital lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection: spectrum of disease. Ann Neurol 62:347-55
Bonthius, Daniel J; Nichols, Brent; Harb, Harb et al. (2007) Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection of the developing brain: critical role of host age. Ann Neurol 62:356-74
Lee, Andrew G; Olson, Richard J; Bonthius, Daniel J et al. (2007) Increasing exotropia and decreasing vision in a school-aged boy. Surv Ophthalmol 52:672-9
Bonthius, Daniel J; Perlman, Stanley (2007) Congenital viral infections of the brain: lessons learned from lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus in the neonatal rat. PLoS Pathog 3:e149
Karacay, Bahri; Li, Guiying; Pantazis, Nicholas J et al. (2007) Stimulation of the cAMP pathway protects cultured cerebellar granule neurons against alcohol-induced cell death by activating the neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) gene. Brain Res 1143:34-45
Bonthius, Daniel J; Olson, Heather Carmichael; Thomas, Jennifer D (2006) Proceedings of the 2006 annual meeting of the Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Study Group. Alcohol 40:61-5

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