? ? Gallstone disease affects more than 30,000,000 Americans and results in more than 750,000 cholecystectomies in the United States annually. Gallstones can cause extrahepatic cholestasis by occluding the common bile duct. In bile, bile acids and phospholipids are important for the solubilization of cholesterol. When the composition of bile changes such that the ratio of bile acids to cholesterol decreases (either decreased bile acid synthesis and/or increased cholesterol secretion into bile), the probability for formation of cholesterol gallstones increases. The broad objective of this proposal is to understand how the transcription factor Nuclear Factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) regulates cholesterol and bile acid metabolism and disposition during cholestasis and during exposure to a high cholesterol diet. Preliminary studies show that liver transporter expression is different in livers from wild-type (WT) mice and Nrf2-null mice during cholestasis. Thus, Specific Aim 1 will expand upon these initial findings and determine whether drug disposition differs between WT and Nrf2-null mice during cholestasis. Importantly, preliminary studies also demonstrated that bile acid levels are decreased in liver and serum from Nrf2-null mice as compared to WT mice, suggesting that Nrf2 is important for bile acid synthesis. Therefore, Specific Aim 2 will determine the mechanism by which Nrf2 regulates bile acid levels in liver. Preliminary data also indicated that Nrf2-null mice exhibit increased formation of cholesterol gallstones when exposed to a high cholesterol diet, and studies in Specific Aim 3 will determine the mechanism by which Nrf2-null mice are more susceptible to gallstone formation. Studies in aim 3 will examine biliary cholesterol, bile acid, and phospholipid secretion as well as examine differences in heptic expression of genes for cholesterol and bile acid synthesis, metabolism, and disposition. Together, the proposed studies will provide novel information regarding liver regulation of cholesterol and bile acids and provide valuable insight into the pathogenesis of gallstone formation. ? ? ?

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)
Type
Career Transition Award (K22)
Project #
1K22ES013782-01
Application #
6926783
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZES1-JAB-A (K1))
Program Officer
Shreffler, Carol K
Project Start
2007-08-22
Project End
2010-06-30
Budget Start
2007-08-22
Budget End
2008-06-30
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2007
Total Cost
$107,616
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Rhode Island
Department
Pharmacology
Type
Schools of Pharmacy
DUNS #
144017188
City
Kingston
State
RI
Country
United States
Zip Code
02881
Shimpi, Prajakta C; More, Vijay R; Paranjpe, Maneesha et al. (2017) Hepatic Lipid Accumulation and Nrf2 Expression following Perinatal and Peripubertal Exposure to Bisphenol A in a Mouse Model of Nonalcoholic Liver Disease. Environ Health Perspect 125:087005
Yalcin, Emine B; Kulkarni, Supriya R; Slitt, Angela L et al. (2016) Bisphenol A sulfonation is impaired in metabolic and liver disease. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 292:75-84
Donepudi, Ajay C; Cheng, Qiuqiong; Lu, Zhenqiang James et al. (2016) Hepatic Transporter Expression in Metabolic Syndrome: Phenotype, Serum Metabolic Hormones, and Transcription Factor Expression. Drug Metab Dispos 44:518-26
Xu, Jialin; Shimpi, Prajakta; Armstrong, Laura et al. (2016) PFOS induces adipogenesis and glucose uptake in association with activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 290:21-30
Nahar, Pragati P; Slitt, Angela L; Seeram, Navindra P (2015) Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Novel Standardized Solid Lipid Curcumin Formulations. J Med Food 18:786-92
Xu, Jialin; Donepudi, Ajay C; More, Vijay R et al. (2015) Deficiency in Nrf2 transcription factor decreases adipose tissue mass and hepatic lipid accumulation in leptin-deficient mice. Obesity (Silver Spring) 23:335-44
Kulkarni, Supriya R; Donepudi, Ajay C; Xu, Jialin et al. (2014) Fasting induces nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 and ATP-binding Cassette transporters via protein kinase A and Sirtuin-1 in mouse and human. Antioxid Redox Signal 20:15-30
More, Vijay R; Cheng, Qiuqiong; Donepudi, Ajay C et al. (2013) Alcohol cirrhosis alters nuclear receptor and drug transporter expression in human liver. Drug Metab Dispos 41:1148-55
Hardwick, Rhiannon N; Ferreira, Daniel W; More, Vijay R et al. (2013) Altered UDP-glucuronosyltransferase and sulfotransferase expression and function during progressive stages of human nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Drug Metab Dispos 41:554-61
Yalcin, Emine B; More, Vijay; Neira, Karissa L et al. (2013) Downregulation of sulfotransferase expression and activity in diseased human livers. Drug Metab Dispos 41:1642-50

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