This is an application for a K23 award for Carolyn Calfee, M.D., a senior postdoctoral fellow in pulmonary/critical care medicine at the University of California San Francisco. Dr. Calfee is beginning her career as a young investigator in pathogenesis-oriented clinical research in acute lung injury (ALI). This K23 award will allow Dr. Calfee to achieve several goals: (1) to develop expertise in the conduct of prospective clinical studies in ALI;(2) to obtain additional training in environmental medicine and genetic epidemiology;(3) to apply advanced biostatistical methodology to clinical and biological data in order to obtain insight into disease pathogenesis;and (4) to transition to independent investigator status. To achieve these goals, Dr. Calfee has assembled a mentoring team that includes her sponsor and primary mentor, Dr. Michael Matthay, an internationally recognized expert in translational research on ALI, and two key scientific advisors, Dr. Neal Benowitz, an expert in smoking-related biomarkers, and Dr. Mark Eisner, an expert in epidemiologic studies of both ALI and secondhand smoking. The contribution of cigarette smoke exposure (CSE) to ALI susceptibility has not been evaluated in prospective, rigorous clinical studies. Dr. Calfee's preliminary data indicate that CSE may be a major risk factor for developing ALI. Dr. Calfee will first test the hypothesis that active and passive CSE increase susceptibility to ALI in an ongoing cohort of 350 major trauma patients at high risk for ALI (Aim 1). She will then test this hypothesis in a broader group of patients by using the resources of ongoing cohort studies to perform a case-control study of patients with ALI and age-matched, critically ill controls (Aim 2). Novel biomarkers of CSE will be measured to compare short and long-term exposure in cases and controls, controlling for important confounders. Dr. Calfee will then investigate the mechanistic relationship between CSE and ALI by studying key biomarkers of endothelial injury, lung epithelial injury, and disordered coagulation in patients enrolled in the case-control study (Aim 3). These studies will provide Dr. Calfee with the data needed to prepare an R01 application focused on the relationship between CSE and ALI outcomes, including the role of gene-environment interactions. Public Health Relevance: ALI remains a common and frequently fatal cause of acute respiratory failure in critically ill patients, with no specific preventative strategies or therapies available. Therefore, studying the role of CSE in the development of ALI may help develop new therapies and will provide further rationale and support for measures to eliminate active and passive CSE.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award (K23)
Project #
5K23HL090833-02
Application #
7662302
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZHL1-CSR-R (O1))
Program Officer
Colombini-Hatch, Sandra
Project Start
2008-08-01
Project End
2013-07-31
Budget Start
2009-08-01
Budget End
2010-07-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2009
Total Cost
$151,200
Indirect Cost
Name
University of California San Francisco
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
094878337
City
San Francisco
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
94143
Hendrickson, Carolyn M; Howard, Benjamin M; Kornblith, Lucy Z et al. (2016) The acute respiratory distress syndrome following isolated severe traumatic brain injury. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 80:989-97
Calfee, Carolyn S; Janz, David R; Bernard, Gordon R et al. (2015) Distinct molecular phenotypes of direct vs indirect ARDS in single-center and multicenter studies. Chest 147:1539-1548
Calfee, Carolyn S; Matthay, Michael A; Kangelaris, Kirsten N et al. (2015) Cigarette Smoke Exposure and the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Crit Care Med 43:1790-7
Hendrickson, Carolyn M; Dobbins, Sarah; Redick, Brittney J et al. (2015) Misclassification of acute respiratory distress syndrome after traumatic injury: The cost of less rigorous approaches. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 79:417-24
Hsieh, S Jean; Zhuo, Hanjing; Benowitz, Neal L et al. (2014) Prevalence and impact of active and passive cigarette smoking in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Crit Care Med 42:2058-68
Kornblith, Lucy Z; Kutcher, Matthew E; Redick, Brittney J et al. (2014) Fibrinogen and platelet contributions to clot formation: implications for trauma resuscitation and thromboprophylaxis. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 76:255-6; discussion 262-3
Moseson, Erika M; Zhuo, Hanjing; Chu, Jeff et al. (2014) Intensive care unit scoring systems outperform emergency department scoring systems for mortality prediction in critically ill patients: a prospective cohort study. J Intensive Care 2:40
Calfee, Carolyn S; Janz, David R; Bernard, Gordon R et al. (2014) Distinct Molecular Phenotypes of Direct Versus Indirect ARDS in Single and Multi-Center Studies. Chest :
Wang, Chen Yu; Calfee, Carolyn S; Paul, Devon W et al. (2014) One-year mortality and predictors of death among hospital survivors of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Intensive Care Med 40:388-96
Calfee, Carolyn S; Delucchi, Kevin; Parsons, Polly E et al. (2014) Subphenotypes in acute respiratory distress syndrome: latent class analysis of data from two randomised controlled trials. Lancet Respir Med 2:611-20

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