My career development goal during this Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award (K23) is to obtain the skills and training needed to become an independent physician-scientist in patient-oriented research in the immunology of schizophrenia. The Career Development Plan will focus on: 1) increasing my knowledge of monocyte and T-helper lymphocyte subsets, 2) developing an understanding of and experience with modern techniques in immunological research, 3) increasing my knowledge and skills in the design, conduct, and analysis of longitudinal studies, 4) developing a greater understanding and experience with relapse in schizophrenia research, and 5) honing my skills in critical thinking, scientific writing, and presentation. I will apply this knowledge to patient-orinted research to advance our understanding of the pathophysiology and potentially the treatment of relapse in schizophrenia. My research goal is to evaluate serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels as a potential clinical state and relapse predictive marker in schizophrenia using novel, complementary cross-sectional and longitudinal approaches. Project # 1 is a longitudinal study of serum IL-6 levels in participants in the NIMH-funded PROACTIVE (Preventing Relapse Oral Antipsychotics Compared to Injectables Evaluating Efficacy) study, a 30-month relapse prevention trial for which blood samples were drawn regularly, and relapse was the primary outcome measure. The primary goal is to determine if changes in serum IL-6 levels predict relapse. Project #2 is a cross-sectional study of serum IL-6 levels, tryptophan catabolites, and leukocyte subsets in relapsed and stable outpatients with schizophrenia, and controls. The primary goal is to evaluate serum IL-6 levels as a potential state marker for acute psychosis. A pathophysiological role for immune abnormalities in schizophrenia, including inflammation, was first hypothesized in 1967, and has been one of the more enduring findings in the field. Recently, increased understanding of the complex interactions between inflammation and the brain in other chronic diseases has better informed this relationship in schizophrenia. Moreover, several randomized, double-blinded trials found that adjunctive treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) significantly improved psychopathology in relapsed patients, and serum cytokine levels predicted response to NSAIDs. The confluence of these findings provides important empirical support for a pathophysiological role of inflammation in relapse in some patients with schizophrenia. This application promotes the NIMH Strategic Plan by exploring a novel potential marker for relapse in schizophrenia that could be used to assess treatment effectiveness, inform and advance relapse prevention efforts, and even help pave the way for future immune-based therapeutic interventions.

Public Health Relevance

Schizophrenia is commonly a chronic, debilitating disorder with life-long consequences for affected individuals and families, and the clinical course is often characterized by recurrent relapses, which are associated with adverse outcomes, including increased treatment-resistant symptoms, cognitive decline, and functional disability. This Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award (K23) will enable Dr. Brian Miller to further develop his career trajectory in schizophrenia research by exploring a novel potential clinical state and relapse predictive marker in schizophrenia. A better ability to understand and predict relapse in schizophrenia is a compelling opportunity and a public health priority.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Type
Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award (K23)
Project #
5K23MH098014-03
Application #
8667507
Study Section
Adult Psychopathology and Disorders of Aging Study Section (APDA)
Program Officer
Chavez, Mark
Project Start
2012-07-01
Project End
2017-06-30
Budget Start
2014-07-01
Budget End
2015-06-30
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2014
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Georgia Regents University
Department
Psychiatry
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
City
Augusta
State
GA
Country
United States
Zip Code
30912
Greenhalgh, Anne Marie; Gonzalez-Blanco, Leticia; Garcia-Rizo, Clemente et al. (2017) Meta-analysis of glucose tolerance, insulin, and insulin resistance in antipsychotic-naïve patients with nonaffective psychosis. Schizophr Res 179:57-63
Miller, Brian J; Goldsmith, David R; Paletta, Nina et al. (2016) Parental type 2 diabetes in patients with non-affective psychosis. Schizophr Res 175:223-225
Goldsmith, D R; Rapaport, M H; Miller, B J (2016) A meta-analysis of blood cytokine network alterations in psychiatric patients: comparisons between schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression. Mol Psychiatry 21:1696-1709
Miller, Brian J; Kandhal, Prianka; Rapaport, Mark Hyman et al. (2015) Total and differential white blood cell counts, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and cardiovascular risk in non-affective psychoses. Brain Behav Immun 45:28-35
Miller, Brian J; Culpepper, Nick; Rapaport, Mark H (2014) C-reactive protein levels in schizophrenia: a review and meta-analysis. Clin Schizophr Relat Psychoses 7:223-30
Kirkpatrick, Brian; Miller, Brian J (2013) Inflammation and schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 39:1174-9
Flatow, Joshua; Buckley, Peter; Miller, Brian J (2013) Meta-analysis of oxidative stress in schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 74:400-9
Miller, Brian J; Culpepper, Nickolas; Rapaport, Mark H et al. (2013) Prenatal inflammation and neurodevelopment in schizophrenia: a review of human studies. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 42:92-100
Miller, Brian J; Mellor, Andrew; Buckley, Peter (2013) Total and differential white blood cell counts, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and the metabolic syndrome in non-affective psychoses. Brain Behav Immun 31:82-9
Miller, Brian J; Gassama, Bintou; Sebastian, Dale et al. (2013) Meta-analysis of lymphocytes in schizophrenia: clinical status and antipsychotic effects. Biol Psychiatry 73:993-9