Retaining HIV-positive individuals in care and on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is crucial to maximize the clinical benefits of ART and to reduce HIV transmission. However, retention in care in the U.S. is poor and represents a major challenge in controlling the domestic HIV epidemic. Individuals with mental health and substance use disorders are at high risk for poor retention, and interventions to improve retention in this population are urgently needed. Although mental health and substance use disorders are highly prevalent among HIV-positive individuals, they are under-recognized and frequently undertreated or untreated. The overarching hypothesis for this project is that that patient-reported depressive symptoms and substance use are important predictors of poor retention in care and that a feasible, clinic-based approach for responding to positive screening tests for depressive symptoms and substance use will improve recognition and treatment of depression and substance use, and ultimately retention in HIV care.
Three aims will be undertaken: 1) to examine the association between positive screening for depressive symptoms and/or substance use and retention in HIV care using a unique longitudinal dataset including patient-reported outcomes (PROs), clinical data, and payer data 2) to collect qualitative data from HIV clinic patients and personnel to systematically assess the acceptability of strategies to respond to positive screening tests captured through clinic-wide use of screening PROs and 3) to pilot test and generate an estimated effect size for a clinic-based intervention to respond to positive screening for depressive symptoms and/or SU which will include a standardized clinic response and a tailored treatment plan to improve retention in HIV care. My career goal is to be a leader in patient-oriented research focused on improving quality of care and clinical outcomes for HIV-positive patients. To support me in meeting my career goals, I have assembled a mentorship team of senior investigators in different research disciplines, who have a track record of successful research collaborations and mentoring activities. The proposed career development plan contains the training, mentoring, and resources to become a successful independent investigator.

Public Health Relevance

To achieve the NIH goal of an AIDS-free generation, people with HIV must be retained in care so that they can receive antiretroviral therapy, however, retention in care in the United States is poor. HIV-positive individuals with mental health and substance use disorders are at particularly high risk for suboptimal retention. This project will incorporate patient-reported mental health and substance use screening and response into clinical care to increase identification and treatment of mental health and substance use disorders, ultimately improving retention in care.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Type
Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award (K23)
Project #
5K23MH105284-02
Application #
8899647
Study Section
Behavioral and Social Consequences of HIV/AIDS Study Section (BSCH)
Program Officer
Grossman, Cynthia I
Project Start
2014-08-01
Project End
2018-07-31
Budget Start
2015-08-01
Budget End
2016-07-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
$175,136
Indirect Cost
$12,973
Name
Johns Hopkins University
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
001910777
City
Baltimore
State
MD
Country
United States
Zip Code
21205
Canan, Chelsea E; Chander, Geetanjali; Monroe, Anne K et al. (2018) High-Risk Prescription Opioid Use Among People Living With HIV. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 78:283-290
Lee, Kristen; Hutton, Heidi E; Lesko, Catherine R et al. (2018) Associations of Drug Use, Violence, and Depressive Symptoms with Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Women with Alcohol Misuse. Womens Health Issues 28:367-374
Puryear, Sarah; Burnett, Phyllis; Page, Kathleen R et al. (2018) HIV seroconversion among Baltimore City residents tested at a mobile van programme. Sex Transm Infect 94:37-39
Barai, Nikita; Monroe, Anne; Lesko, Catherine et al. (2017) The Association Between Changes in Alcohol Use and Changes in Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence and Viral Suppression Among Women Living with HIV. AIDS Behav 21:1836-1845
Raifman, Julia R; Gebo, Kelly A; Mathews, William Christopher et al. (2017) Gonorrhea and Chlamydia Case Detection Increased When Testing Increased in a Multisite US HIV Cohort, 2004-2014. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 76:409-416
Monroe, Anne K; Fleishman, John A; Voss, Cindy C et al. (2017) Assessing Antiretroviral Use During Gaps in HIV Primary Care Using Multisite Medicaid Claims and Clinical Data. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 76:82-89
Monroe, A K; Zhang, L; Jacobson, L P et al. (2017) The association between physical activity and cognition in men with and without HIV infection. HIV Med 18:555-563
Fleishman, John A; Monroe, Anne K; Voss, Cindy C et al. (2016) Expenditures for Persons Living With HIV Enrolled in Medicaid, 2006-2010. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 72:408-15
Monroe, Anne K; Lau, Bryan; Mugavero, Michael J et al. (2016) Heavy Alcohol Use Is Associated With Worse Retention in HIV Care. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 73:419-425
Kuchinad, Kamini E; Hutton, Heidi E; Monroe, Anne K et al. (2016) A qualitative study of barriers to and facilitators of optimal engagement in care among PLWH and substance use/misuse. BMC Res Notes 9:229

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