Detection of Intracellular Oxygen Species Among the fundamental questions in research on the biomolecular basis of disease is whether reactive oxygen species (ROS), e.g. superoxide (O2-) and H2O2, are continuously produced by cells -from mitochondria or other sites, and what levels of these ROS are generated under physiological and pathological conditions. An essential requirement to address this is development of noninvasive techniques capable of assaying O2- and H2O2 at the cellular and subcellular level. The long-term objective of the present research is to develop quantitiative techniques to detect and quantify ROS in single cells, with a focus on mitochondriaL ROS production, and to correlate results from these techniques with commonly-used assays for ROS such as fluorescence microscopy using oxidation-sensitive probes. To achieve these goals, we will exploit developments in the fields of electrochemical nanosensors and spin-trapping electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Studies will be carried out in cell cultures and mitochondria using the following approach: 1) synthesize and apply new lipophilic derivatives of the spin trap DEPMPO to trap O2-, 2) correlate EPR spectra and data from EPR oximetry to obtain information about the environment in which O2- is released, 3) characterize nanosensors based on covalently attached enzymes on functionalized optical nanofibers for intracellular detection of O2- and/or H2O2 , 4) compare results from these techniques with those from more accessible methods, e.g. fluorescence microscopy, and 5) study changes in O2- and H2O2 levels under injury conditions. It is hoped that these studies will address questions such as: i) What are actual concentrations of O2- and H2O2 after physiologic and pathologic stimuli? ii) Are specific diseases associated with elevated vs. decreased ROS levels? and iii) What are the best therapeutic strategies to ameliorate or reverse changes in ROS without compromising their signaling functions?

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Aging (NIA)
Type
Mentored Quantitative Research Career Development Award (K25)
Project #
5K25AG026379-04
Application #
7917244
Study Section
National Institute on Aging Initial Review Group (NIA)
Program Officer
Wise, Bradley C
Project Start
2007-09-15
Project End
2012-08-31
Budget Start
2010-09-01
Budget End
2011-08-31
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2010
Total Cost
$140,284
Indirect Cost
Name
University of California San Diego
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
804355790
City
La Jolla
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
92093
Ali, Sameh S; Hsiao, Mary; Zhao, Huiwen W et al. (2012) Hypoxia-adaptation involves mitochondrial metabolic depression and decreased ROS leakage. PLoS One 7:e36801
Pamenter, Matthew E; Ali, Sameh S; Tang, Qingbo et al. (2012) An in vitro ischemic penumbral mimic perfusate increases NADPH oxidase-mediated superoxide production in cultured hippocampal neurons. Brain Res 1452:165-72
Ali, Sameh S; Young, Jared W; Wallace, Chelsea K et al. (2011) Initial evidence linking synaptic superoxide production with poor short-term memory in aged mice. Brain Res 1368:65-70
Head, Brian P; Peart, Jason N; Panneerselvam, Mathivadhani et al. (2010) Loss of caveolin-1 accelerates neurodegeneration and aging. PLoS One 5:e15697
Douglas, Robert M; Ryu, Julie; Kanaan, Amjad et al. (2010) Neuronal death during combined intermittent hypoxia/hypercapnia is due to mitochondrial dysfunction. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 298:C1594-602
Ali, Sameh S; Marcondes, Maria-Cecilia Garibaldi; Bajova, Hilda et al. (2010) Metabolic depression and increased reactive oxygen species production by isolated mitochondria at moderately lower temperatures. J Biol Chem 285:32522-8
Dugan, Laura L; Ali, Sameh S; Shekhtman, Grigoriy et al. (2009) IL-6 mediated degeneration of forebrain GABAergic interneurons and cognitive impairment in aged mice through activation of neuronal NADPH oxidase. PLoS One 4:e5518
Behrens, M Margarita; Ali, Sameh S; Dugan, Laura L (2008) Interleukin-6 mediates the increase in NADPH-oxidase in the ketamine model of schizophrenia. J Neurosci 28:13957-66