Candidate and Environment: The immediate and long-term goals of the candidate are to gain knowledge and experience necessary to become a successful academic researcher with an independent laboratory focused on the neural control of breathing. UW-Madison has many world-renowned respiratory physiologists that meet weekly for a respiratory neurobiology seminar series and journal club series making it a unique research environment in which the candidate can thrive. Thus, remaining at UW-Madison [will enable the candidate to be mentored by top-notch researchers in neuroplasticity and respiratory neurobiology (one of very few places studying this combination) and attain the required knowledge and experience to transition to independence.] Research: ALS is a devastating disease leading to progressive motor neuron degeneration and compromised breathing which ultimately leads to death. Despite its fundamental importance, respiratory insufficiency has seldom been studied in any ALS model. Thus, strategies to preserve adequate ventilatory function are needed to preserve life. The fundamental goal of this proposal is to identify compensatory mechanisms that trigger enhanced respiratory plasticity (intermittent hypoxia induced phrenic long-term facilitation;pLTF). Enhanced plasticity may allow us to restore phrenic motor output in models of respiratory motor neuron death, thereby preserving ventilatory capacity. We propose to study pLTF in rat models of respiratory motor neuron death including the progressive disease encountered in a genetic model of ALS (SOD1G93A rats) and a stable, inducible model (cholera toxin B conjugated to saporin;CTB-SAP). We propose to use a multidisciplinary approach including: 1) inducing respiratory motor neuron death using CTB-SAP;2) phrenic nerve recordings to directly assess motor output;3) RNAi in vivo to assess cellular mechanisms of AIH-induced pLTF in CTB-SAP rats;and 4) immunohistochemical methods to determine phrenic motor neuron survival and their expression of key molecules. [Three] specific aims are proposed: 1) increased SOD1G93A expression triggers compensatory increases in NADPH oxidase expression, thereby preserving ROS levels sufficient to express pLTF;[2) induced respiratory motor neuron death enhances pLTF;and 3) induced respiratory motor neuron death enhances pLTF by a mechanism distinct from that in SOD1G93A rats.] Since most ALS patients develop respiratory insufficiency, leading to ventilator dependence or death, our long-range goal is to develop new strategies to delay respiratory motor neuron death and enhance the functional capacity of spared motor neurons. Here we will harness mechanisms that increase function of surviving motor neurons (AIH-induced plasticity). These novel strategies, if successful, may guide future, translational studies in patients suffering from respiratory motor neuron death, including ALS patients. The present studies may have wide reaching benefits for non-respiratory motor pools in ALS, and other neurodegenerative diseases.

Public Health Relevance

-Relevance ALS is a devastating disease, leading to paralysis and death from ventilatory failure. Our goal is to restore respiratory function in a rat ALS model (SOD1G93A rats) by inducing a known form of spinal respiratory plasticity. By inducing respiratory plasticity with intermittent hypoxia, we will enhance the contributions from spared motor neurons, thereby preserving ventilatory capacity. This project may lead to novel therapies to extend and improve life for ALS patients by preserving breathing;these approaches may also work in other neurological disorders.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Career Transition Award (K99)
Project #
1K99HL119606-01A1
Application #
8635605
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZHL1)
Program Officer
Laposky, Aaron D
Project Start
2014-02-01
Project End
2016-01-31
Budget Start
2014-02-01
Budget End
2015-01-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2014
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Wisconsin Madison
Department
Biology
Type
Schools of Veterinary Medicine
DUNS #
City
Madison
State
WI
Country
United States
Zip Code
53715
Nichols, Nicole L; Craig, Taylor A; Tanner, Miles A (2018) Phrenic long-term facilitation following intrapleural CTB-SAP-induced respiratory motor neuron death. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 256:43-49
Agosto-Marlin, Ibis M; Nichols, Nicole L; Mitchell, Gordon S (2018) Systemic inflammation inhibits serotonin receptor 2-induced phrenic motor facilitation upstream from BDNF/TrkB signaling. J Neurophysiol 119:2176-2185
Seven, Yasin B; Nichols, Nicole L; Kelly, Mia N et al. (2018) Compensatory plasticity in diaphragm and intercostal muscle utilization in a rat model of ALS. Exp Neurol 299:148-156
Lind, Lori A; Murphy, Erika R; Lever, Teresa E et al. (2018) Hypoglossal Motor Neuron Death Via Intralingual CTB-saporin (CTB-SAP) Injections Mimic Aspects of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Related to Dysphagia. Neuroscience 390:303-316
Agosto-Marlin, Ibis M; Nichols, Nicole L; Mitchell, Gordon S (2017) Adenosine-dependent phrenic motor facilitation is inflammation resistant. J Neurophysiol 117:836-845
Nichols, Nicole L; Satriotomo, Irawan; Allen, Latoya L et al. (2017) Mechanisms of Enhanced Phrenic Long-Term Facilitation in SOD1G93A Rats. J Neurosci 37:5834-5845
Satriotomo, I; Nichols, N L; Dale, E A et al. (2016) Repetitive acute intermittent hypoxia increases growth/neurotrophic factor expression in non-respiratory motor neurons. Neuroscience 322:479-88
Nichols, Nicole L; Mitchell, Gordon S (2016) Quantitative assessment of integrated phrenic nerve activity. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 226:81-6
Nichols, Nicole L; Satriotomo, Irawan; Harrigan, Daniel J et al. (2015) Acute intermittent hypoxia induced phrenic long-term facilitation despite increased SOD1 expression in a rat model of ALS. Exp Neurol 273:138-50
Nichols, Nicole L; Vinit, Stéphane; Bauernschmidt, Lorene et al. (2015) Respiratory function after selective respiratory motor neuron death from intrapleural CTB-saporin injections. Exp Neurol 267:18-29

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