This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing theresources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject andinvestigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source,and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed isfor the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator.Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EE) is an increasingly recognized condition characterized by dysphagia, food impaction or other obstructive esophageal symptoms in children and young adults.The pathophysiology of EE appears to be an allergy/atopy mediated disease. A personal and family history of allergic diseases (food allergies, atopic dermatitis, asthma, allergic rhinitis or conjunctivitis) has been noted in 62-85% of patients with EE. The rising incidence of EE may be related to the worldwide allergy and asthma epidemic.Current treatment of EE is directed at decreasing esophageal allergic inflammation. Oral and topical corticosteroids, cromolyn sodium, monoleukast and elemental/elimination diets have all been shown to be effective. However, none of these treatments are directed at the specific pathophysiologic mechanism of EE and some have significant side effects.The shared pathogenetic mechanisms of EE and asthma suggest that therapeutic strategies directed at asthma may also be effective for EE. Specifically those targeted at the allergic immune mechanisms involved with asthma may be effective. Omalizumab is a recently developed anti-IgE antibody that has been shown to decrease the use of inhaled and oral corticosteroids, reduce the frequency of asthma exacerbations, and improve asthma related symptoms in patients with allergic asthma. In addition, by its ability to lower free circulating IgE levels, omalizumab inhibits the immune response to many different allergens. This information suggests that omalizumab may be an ideal therapy for EE where the specific allergens are seldom known and steroid treatment merely suppresses the acute inflammatory response without altering the unerlying pathogenetic mechanism of the disease. Demonstration of omalizumab effectiveness in EE may serve as a model for other eosinophil associated diseases.
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