Women of African ancestry (AA) are more likely than women of European ancestry (EA) to be diagnosed with breast cancer before age 45, and to have more aggressive tumors, characterized by negativity for estrogen, progesterone and HER-2 receptors (triple negative). Younger AA women are more than twice as likely as EA women to be diagnosed with basal-like breast tumors, an intrinsic subtype with poor prognosis. The reasons for these racial disparities are unclear, and existing studies of AA women lack the statistical power to investigate risk factors for breast cancer defined by early age at onset and tumor biology. We hypothesize that evolution over millennia in Africa resulted in genetic profiles encoding specific phenotypes, such as robust inflammatory/immune response to withstand endemic infectious disease, and higher skin melanin content to protect from UV radiation, but that these factors may increase risk of aggressive tumors, particularly in the context of life in the northern hemisphere or in a more urban environment. Specifically, we hypothesize that early onset aggressive breast cancer may result from enhanced inflammatory responses which can augment the carcinogenic pro-inflammatory milieu, and/or from vitamin D deficiency due to high skin pigmentation. Using the pooled resources from four of the largest studies of breast cancer in AA women, we will address these aims by first measuring serum levels of vitamin D (25OH-D) and a panel of 30 immune/inflammatory markers among 800 AA and 800 EA controls, comparing by ancestry, using ancestry Informative markers. Relationships between serum markers and SNPs, as well as epidemiologic factors will be evaluated. We will build a predictive model for vitamin D and use those scores to evaluate relationships with breast cancer subgroups in case-control comparisons. Finally, we will evaluate SNPs in the same panel of immune inflammatory markers and vitamin D metabolism and signaling pathways in relation to breast cancer subgroups in our pooled data of 5,534 AA cases and 5,534 controls. Using our results, we will conduct cross-Project aims to examine associations between breast cancer subgroups and interactions between inflammatory pathways, parity and breastfeeding (Project 2);body size and vitamin D pathways (Project 3);and genetic susceptibility alleles In relevant pathways and inflammatory and vitamin D pathway susceptibility markers. We believe that our novel, but biologically sound hypotheses may reveal risk factors for early, aggressive cancer that can be acted upon for prevention.

Public Health Relevance

It is unclear why / A women are more likely to get breast cancer at a younger age than EA women, and to be diagnosed with more aggressive breast cancer. Our study can have immediate implications for public health. If vitamin D deficiency is linked to early, aggressive breast cancers in AA women, supplementation could be urged. Similarly, in pro-inflammatory environment is related, anti-inflammatory medications could reduce risk of this disease.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Program Projects (P01)
Project #
5P01CA151135-03
Application #
8523803
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZCA1-GRB-S)
Project Start
Project End
Budget Start
2013-08-01
Budget End
2014-07-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2013
Total Cost
$578,149
Indirect Cost
$107,181
Name
Roswell Park Cancer Institute Corp
Department
Type
DUNS #
824771034
City
Buffalo
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
14263
Hong, Chi-Chen; Sucheston-Campbell, Lara E; Liu, Song et al. (2018) Genetic Variants in Immune-Related Pathways and Breast Cancer Risk in African American Women in the AMBER Consortium. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 27:321-330
Bensen, Jeannette T; Graff, Mariaelisa; Young, Kristin L et al. (2018) A survey of microRNA single nucleotide polymorphisms identifies novel breast cancer susceptibility loci in a case-control, population-based study of African-American women. Breast Cancer Res 20:45
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Qin, Bo; Llanos, Adana A M; Lin, Yong et al. (2018) Validity of self-reported weight, height, and body mass index among African American breast cancer survivors. J Cancer Surviv 12:460-468
Allott, Emma H; Geradts, Joseph; Cohen, Stephanie M et al. (2018) Frequency of breast cancer subtypes among African American women in the AMBER consortium. Breast Cancer Res 20:12
Gong, Zhihong; Wang, Jie; Wang, Dan et al. (2018) Differences in microRNA expression in breast cancer between women of African and European ancestry. Carcinogenesis :
Wheeler, Stephanie B; Spencer, Jennifer C; Pinheiro, Laura C et al. (2018) Financial Impact of Breast Cancer in Black Versus White Women. J Clin Oncol 36:1695-1701
Bertrand, Kimberly A; Gerlovin, Hanna; Bethea, Traci N et al. (2017) Pubertal growth and adult height in relation to breast cancer risk in African American women. Int J Cancer 141:2462-2470
Williams, Lindsay A; Olshan, Andrew F; Hong, Chi-Chen et al. (2017) Alcohol Intake and Breast Cancer Risk in African American Women from the AMBER Consortium. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 26:787-794

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