The primary data for Project 1 will come from an R21 funded by NIEHS (R21 ES 014891-01A1, Influences of genetics and air pollution exposures on birth outcomes.) Part A of the R21 uses refined air pollution and traffic density data to examine their influence of on adverse birth outcomes such as low birth weight and premature birth. Part B of the R21 evaluates the feasibility of assembling a birth-cohort to provide saliva samples for the analysis of genetic and epigenetic susceptibility to the effects of air pollution. During the pre-Center funding, we will obtain additional spatially-refined exposure data from the prenatal periods of over 300, 000 birth in the San Joaquin Valley of California. We will implement novel statistical methods to evaluate possible longitudinal and joint of effects of pollutant mixtures on birth outcomes. In addition to the spatially-refined air pollution data, detailed traffic counts and density data, census and neighborhood-level characteristics, and for some demographic variables, simulated individual-level data will be used to control for confounding and identification of susceptible subgroups. It will evaluate the feasibility of a similar study design to examine numerous important children's health outcomes. Examples of outcomes include asthma, autism spectrum disorders, cancer, and metabolic disorders such as obesity. Genetic samples will be obtained from mothers/children identified in Part B of the R21 and stored for analysis during a full Center grant. Extensive investigation will be done to identify the proper set of genetic polymorphisms that may influence susceptibility to the effects of air pollution and those that are associated with preterm birth. Similar investigations will be done to identify genetic polymorphism associated with the risk of the other health outcomes listed. We have chosen a cost-efficient approach by making use of an exposure dataset of unparalleled richness with respect to specific pollutants (CRPAQS) and existing birth certificates files while at the same time developing a birth cohort and specimen bank for future research. Our study will also make use of modeling strategies developed for other funded studies conducted within the same region.

Public Health Relevance

This project will improve on current research regarding environmenal risk factors for adverse birth outcomes. It will develop hypotheses regarding genetic influences as well. It will explore novel methods to examine air pollution's influence on major childhood health conditions such as cancer, asthma, autism and obesity.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)
Type
Exploratory Grants (P20)
Project #
5P20ES018173-02
Application #
8215032
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZES1)
Project Start
2011-02-01
Project End
2013-01-31
Budget Start
2011-02-01
Budget End
2012-01-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$30,931
Indirect Cost
Name
University of California Berkeley
Department
Type
DUNS #
124726725
City
Berkeley
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
94704
Prunicki, Mary; Stell, Laurel; Dinakarpandian, Deendayal et al. (2018) Exposure to NO2, CO, and PM2.5 is linked to regional DNA methylation differences in asthma. Clin Epigenetics 10:2
Padula, Amy M; Yang, Wei; Carmichael, Suzan L et al. (2017) Air pollution, neighborhood acculturation factors, and neural tube defects among Hispanic women in California. Birth Defects Res 109:403-422
Noth, Elizabeth M; Lurmann, Fred; Northcross, Amanda et al. (2016) Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Elemental Carbon in Bakersfield, California. Air Qual Atmos Health 9:899-908
Hew, K M; Walker, A I; Kohli, A et al. (2015) Childhood exposure to ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is linked to epigenetic modifications and impaired systemic immunity in T cells. Clin Exp Allergy 45:238-48
Padula, Amy M; Balmes, John R; Eisen, Ellen A et al. (2015) Ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and pulmonary function in children. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 25:295-302
Padula, Amy M; Yang, Wei; Carmichael, Suzan L et al. (2015) Air Pollution, Neighbourhood Socioeconomic Factors, and Neural Tube Defects in the San Joaquin Valley of California. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 29:536-45
Padula, Amy M; Mortimer, Kathleen M; Tager, Ira B et al. (2014) Traffic-related air pollution and risk of preterm birth in the San Joaquin Valley of California. Ann Epidemiol 24:888-95e4
Padula, Amy M; Noth, Elizabeth M; Hammond, S Katharine et al. (2014) Exposure to airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during pregnancy and risk of preterm birth. Environ Res 135:221-6
Carmichael, Suzan L; Yang, Wei; Roberts, Eric et al. (2014) Residential agricultural pesticide exposures and risk of selected congenital heart defects among offspring in the San Joaquin Valley of California. Environ Res 135:133-8
Syed, Aleena; Garcia, Marco A; Lyu, Shu-Chen et al. (2014) Peanut oral immunotherapy results in increased antigen-induced regulatory T-cell function and hypomethylation of forkhead box protein 3 (FOXP3). J Allergy Clin Immunol 133:500-10

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