This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. DESCRIPTION The long-term goals of Project 2 are to understand the effects of diet and genes on variation in risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Our research to date has focused on localizing genes underlying variation in lipids, lipoproteins, oxidative stress and inflammation, which are among the strongest, most consistent predictors of CVD in the epidemiological literature. However, many of these detected genes act in concert to influence complex biological systems. Our central hypothesis is that there are pleiotropic networks of coordinately-regulated genes and clinical risk factor phenotypes that influence susceptibility to CVD. We propose to apply a systems biology-based approach to address this hypothesis.
In Aim 1, we will construct pleiotropic networks of genes underlying correlated responses of lipoproteins and related CVD risk factors to dietary cholesterol, fat, and anti-oxidant supplementation. Utilizing data from completed dietary challenge experiments and from whole-genome transcriptional profiles for 500 baboons, we will construct networks of clinical phenotypes and expression profiles, and compare these networks to evaluate the relationships between expression and risk factor variation. In a newly added sub-aim, we will validate these results by analyzing transcriptional profile data and phenotype measures already in hand from a large-scale study of the genetics of CVD risk factors in extended human families.
In Aim 2, we will construct pleiotropic networks of genes underlying co-variation in functional markers of the vascular endothelium. Phenotypes include endothelial progenitor cell numbers, ex vivo primary endothelial cell (EC) properties plus in vivo functional indicators of the vascular endothelium, including circulating levels of VCAM, ICAM, and vWF. We also will determine transcriptional profiles from primary ECs in order to directly compare networks of expression and risk factor phenotypes.
In Aim 3 we will evaluate contributions of risk factors and biological network components identified in Aims 1 and 2 to variation in extent of lesions following a chronic, 2-year diet challenge. Data for this aim include measures related to lipoprotein metabolism and oxidative damage, assessments of endothelial function, and EC transcriptional profiles. Additionally, as part of this aim, we also will assess the effects of acute exposure (7-weeks) to the atherogenic diet on EC gene expression and, if such effects are detected, we will test for their relationships to later lesion formation and to gene expression in another critical tissue or CVD, the liver. Completion of these aims will provide valuable insights into the interrelationships between known and novel CVD risk factors in general;identify networks of genes whose expression is affected by dietary fat;validate these networks and their components in humans;and examine the relationships between dietary fat, EC gene expression, and arterial lesion formation.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Center for Research Resources (NCRR)
Type
Primate Research Center Grants (P51)
Project #
5P51RR013986-13
Application #
8357659
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRR1-CM-8 (01))
Project Start
2011-05-01
Project End
2012-04-30
Budget Start
2011-05-01
Budget End
2012-04-30
Support Year
13
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$107,994
Indirect Cost
Name
Texas Biomedical Research Institute
Department
Type
DUNS #
007936834
City
San Antonio
State
TX
Country
United States
Zip Code
78245
Jensen, Jeffrey T; Hanna, Carol; Mishler, Emily et al. (2018) Effect of menstrual cycle phase and hormonal treatments on evaluation of tubal patency in baboons. J Med Primatol 47:40-45
Confer, Alexandra; Owston, Michael A; Kumar, Shyamesh et al. (2018) Multiple endocrine neoplasia-like syndrome in 24 baboons (Papio spp.). J Med Primatol 47:434-439
Mustonen, Allison; Gonzalez, Olga; Mendoza, Elda et al. (2018) Uremic encephalopathy in a rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta): A case report and a brief review of the veterinary literature. J Med Primatol :
Koistinen, Keith; Mullaney, Lisa; Bell, Todd et al. (2018) Coccidioidomycosis in Nonhuman Primates: Pathologic and Clinical Findings. Vet Pathol 55:905-915
Mahaney, Michael C; Karere, Genesio M; Rainwater, David L et al. (2018) Diet-induced early-stage atherosclerosis in baboons: Lipoproteins, atherogenesis, and arterial compliance. J Med Primatol 47:3-17
Mangosing, Sara; Perminov, Ekaterina; Gonzalez, Olga et al. (2018) Uterine Tumors Resembling Ovarian Sex Cord Tumors in Four Baboons ( Papio spp.). Vet Pathol 55:753-758
Joganic, Jessica L; Willmore, Katherine E; Richtsmeier, Joan T et al. (2018) Additive genetic variation in the craniofacial skeleton of baboons (genus Papio) and its relationship to body and cranial size. Am J Phys Anthropol 165:269-285
Shelton, Elaine L; Waleh, Nahid; Plosa, Erin J et al. (2018) Effects of antenatal betamethasone on preterm human and mouse ductus arteriosus: comparison with baboon data. Pediatr Res 84:458-465
Perminov, Ekaterina; Mangosing, Sara; Confer, Alexandra et al. (2018) A case report of ovotesticular disorder of sex development (OT-DSD) in a baboon (Papio spp.) and a brief review of the non-human primate literature. J Med Primatol 47:192-197
Kumar, Shyamesh; Laurence, Hannah; Owston, Michael A et al. (2017) Natural pathology of the captive chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes): A 35-year review. J Med Primatol 46:271-290

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