The long term goal of the Applicant's research program is to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the etiology of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and develop novel target-based therapeutic strategies. This K99/R00 grant will facilitate the transition for the Applicant to become an independent investigator at the Vanderbilt Eye Institute, which has a rich environment of scientific collaboration and nurturing career development of junior scientists. AMD is the leading cause of blindness in elderly Americans. The majority of AMD patients has atrophic (dry) form of the disease and has only limited treatment options at the present time. Atrophic AMD is likely resulted from gene/environmental interaction causing progressive degeneration of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Aging is the most well defined environmental risk factor of AMD. We hypothesize that the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-mediated signaling pathway plays key roles in controlling the aging process of the RPE. The hypothesis is supported by recent literature data suggesting that mTOR plays key roles in integrating various environmental signals and linking them to altered tissue function and organism's life span. In our preliminary studies, we found that rapamycin reversed the senescent phenotype of primary human RPE cells in vitro. To further test our hypothesis, we have proposed three specific aims in this application.
Aim 1 is to determine how the aging process regulates mTOR pathways in the RPE.
Aim 2 is to determine how modulating the mTOR signaling affects RPE aging in vitro by a potential mechanism of regulating autophagy.
Aim 3 is to determine whether mTOR regulates aging of the RPE in vivo using SOD1 knockout mice which develop AMD-like phenotype in the retina. During the mentored phase, the Applicant will conduct the proposed experiments under the supervision of a mentoring committee, which is consisted of mentors with expertise in AMD etiology and pathogenesis (Dr. Paul Sternberg), animal models of neurodegeneration in the retina (Dr. David Calkins) and mTOR/autophagy (Dr. Lu Bo). Members of the committee will meet regularly, monitor the research progress and assist the Applicant to advance her career towards independence. Research at the R00 phase will test the potential therapeutic effects of mTOR inhibitors in an animal model relevant to AMD. Results from these studies will provide novel mechanistic information on aging and age-related degeneration of the RPE and retina.

Public Health Relevance

This project focuses on characterizing a novel signal transduction pathway which may control the aging process of the retina and contribute to age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Results from the studies can potentially be translated into new therapeutic approaches for treating the atrophic form of AMD.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Eye Institute (NEI)
Type
Research Transition Award (R00)
Project #
5R00EY019706-05
Application #
8716762
Study Section
No Study Section (in-house review) (NSS)
Program Officer
Shen, Grace L
Project Start
2012-09-30
Project End
2015-08-31
Budget Start
2014-09-01
Budget End
2015-08-31
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2014
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Texas Medical Br Galveston
Department
Ophthalmology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
City
Galveston
State
TX
Country
United States
Zip Code
77555
Huang, Yi; Chen, Yan; Shaw, Amanda Marie et al. (2018) Enhancing TFEB-Mediated Cellular Degradation Pathways by the mTORC1 Inhibitor Quercetin. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2018:5073420
Yu, Bo; Egbejimi, Anuoluwapo; Dharmat, Rachayata et al. (2018) Phagocytosed photoreceptor outer segments activate mTORC1 in the retinal pigment epithelium. Sci Signal 11:
Zhao, Zhenyang; Xu, Pei; Jie, Zuliang et al. (2014) ?? T cells as a major source of IL-17 production during age-dependent RPE degeneration. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 55:6580-9
Yu, Bo; Xu, Pei; Zhao, Zhenyang et al. (2014) Subcellular distribution and activity of mechanistic target of rapamycin in aged retinal pigment epithelium. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 55:8638-50