Recent scientific and clinical interest in combining therapeutic agents for the treatment of alcoholism are based on the fact that derangement of multiple-neurotransmitter systems are likely to underlie biological predisposition to the disease. Thus, combining effective medications working at different neurotransmitters should produce a synergistic or at least an added clinical response. In animals, the combination of the 5-HT3 antagonist, ondansetron, and the mu receptor antagonist, naltrexone show synergism of action at reducing ethanol consumption. Alcoholics with an early onset of disease are effectively treated by ondansetron, and those with a family history of alcoholism in first degree relatives may have the best clinical outcome to treatment with naltrexone. Given that family history of alcoholism is associated with an early onset of disease, it reasonable for us to predict that the combination of ondansetron and naltrexone should be more optimal than either alone for the treatment of Early Onset Alcoholics (EOA). Indeed, preliminary clinical data from our group provide strong support that the medication combination is an effective treatment for EOA. We will test this hypothesis by comparing the effectiveness of ondansetron (4 mg/kg) and naltrexone(50 mg/day), both alone and in combination, in treating EOA vs. Late Onset Alcoholics (LOA) (total N of 45 subjects/cell x 8 cells = 360) in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 12-week (1 week of single-blind placebo followed by 11 weeks of the double-blind condition) outpatient clinical trial. All subjects will receive standardized Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and follow-up at 1, 3, 6, and 9 months post-treatment. Specifically, we predict that: 1) EOA, compared with LOA, will be more responsive to treatment with either ondansetron or naltrexone alone, and 2) that the combination of ondansetron and naltrexone will be superior to either medication alone in the treatment of EOA. We will have the unique opportunity to test with adequate power the secondary hypothesis that the combination of ondansetron and naltrexone will be better tolerated than naltrexone alone, thereby improving compliance. This is because nausea is an important side-effect of naltrexone which can limit compliance, and as shown in our preliminary study, ondansetron by having anti-nausea and anti-emetic properties counteracts this naltrexone side-effect. We support NIAAA's mission to develop effective pharmacotherapies as adjuncts to psychotherapy for the treatment of alcoholism.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01AA012964-06
Application #
6929936
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZAA1-FF (02))
Program Officer
Litten, Raye Z
Project Start
2001-09-10
Project End
2010-03-31
Budget Start
2005-09-01
Budget End
2010-03-31
Support Year
6
Fiscal Year
2005
Total Cost
$675,043
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Virginia
Department
Psychiatry
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
065391526
City
Charlottesville
State
VA
Country
United States
Zip Code
22904
Seneviratne, Chamindi; Franklin, Jason; Beckett, Katherine et al. (2013) Association, interaction, and replication analysis of genes encoding serotonin transporter and 5-HT3 receptor subunits A and B in alcohol dependence. Hum Genet 132:1165-76
Johnson, Bankole A; Messing, Robert O; Charness, Michael E et al. (2011) Should the reorganization of addiction-related research across all the National Institutes of Health be structural?--The devil is truly in the details. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 35:572-80
Johnson, Bankole A; Ait-Daoud, Nassima; Seneviratne, Chamindi et al. (2011) Pharmacogenetic approach at the serotonin transporter gene as a method of reducing the severity of alcohol drinking. Am J Psychiatry 168:265-75
Johnson, Bankole A; Ait-Daoud, Nassima (2010) Topiramate in the new generation of drugs: efficacy in the treatment of alcoholic patients. Curr Pharm Des 16:2103-12
Johnson, Bankole A (2010) Medication treatment of different types of alcoholism. Am J Psychiatry 167:630-9
Seneviratne, Chamindi; Ait-Daoud, Nassima; Ma, Jennie Z et al. (2009) Susceptibility locus in neurokinin-1 receptor gene associated with alcohol dependence. Neuropsychopharmacology 34:2442-9
Seneviratne, Chamindi; Huang, Weihua; Ait-Daoud, Nassima et al. (2009) Characterization of a functional polymorphism in the 3' UTR of SLC6A4 and its association with drinking intensity. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 33:332-9
Ait-Daoud, Nassima; Roache, John D; Dawes, Michael A et al. (2009) Can serotonin transporter genotype predict craving in alcoholism? Alcohol Clin Exp Res 33:1329-35
Johnson, Bankole A; Javors, Martin A; Roache, John D et al. (2008) Can serotonin transporter genotype predict serotonergic function, chronicity, and severity of drinking? Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 32:209-16
Johnson, Bankole A (2008) Update on neuropharmacological treatments for alcoholism: scientific basis and clinical findings. Biochem Pharmacol 75:34-56

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