The longevity of HIV infected individuals (HIV+) has been extended by new therapies, but the disease still follows a progressive course with significant deleterious effects on the brain. High comorbidity with alcohol abuse among HIV+ individuals puts dually afflicted patients at risk for additive or synergistic effects, especially in frontostriatal brain systems that control executive and motor functions. Recent advances in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, such as MR spectroscopy, MR diffusion tensor imaging, provide new opportunities to study, in vivo, the macrostructural, microstructural, and biochemical bases of the pathophysiology of HIV infection and alcohol abuse. Further, these techniques enable the observation of disease-induced changes over time, and the degree to which these changes relate to clinical state and cognitive and motor performance. In balanced four group, we will compare high and low alcohol consuming HIV+ patients with low-alcohol consuming HIV- subjects over a three year period in a naturalistic design to model the cumulative and progressive deleterious effects on the brain of combined HIV infection and alcohol abuse. We will test dual model of their comorbidity: interactive effects on structures disrupted by both disease (e.g., basal ganglia in HIV+).
Three specific aims are proposed:
Specific Aim 1 : To use neuroimaging and neuropsychological measures to establish patterns of normality and abnormality in HIV+ alone, alcohol abuse alone, and HIV+ with alcohol abuse.
Specific Aim 2 : To track in neuroimaging measures at 1 and 3 year follow-up sessions.
Specific Aim 3 : To establish cross-sectional and longitudinal within-subject relationships among nueroimaging, neuropsychological, and clinical measures.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01AA012999-04
Application #
6790498
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZAA1-CC (03))
Program Officer
Witt, Ellen
Project Start
2001-09-29
Project End
2006-08-31
Budget Start
2004-09-01
Budget End
2005-08-31
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2004
Total Cost
$1,129,823
Indirect Cost
Name
Sri International
Department
Type
DUNS #
009232752
City
Menlo Park
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
94025
Rosenbloom, Margaret J; Sullivan, Edith V; Pfefferbaum, Adolf (2010) Focus on the brain: HIV infection and alcoholism: comorbidity effects on brain structure and function. Alcohol Res Health 33:247-57
Pfefferbaum, Adolf; Rosenbloom, Margaret J; Rohlfing, Torsten et al. (2009) Frontostriatal fiber bundle compromise in HIV infection without dementia. AIDS 23:1977-85
Fama, Rosemary; Rosenbloom, Margaret J; Nichols, B Nolan et al. (2009) Working and episodic memory in HIV infection, alcoholism, and their comorbidity: baseline and 1-year follow-up examinations. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 33:1815-24
Müller-Oehring, Eva M; Schulte, Tilman; Fama, Rosemary et al. (2009) Global-local interference is related to callosal compromise in alcoholism: a behavior-DTI association study. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 33:477-89
Rosenbloom, Margaret J; Sullivan, Edith V; Sassoon, Stephanie A et al. (2007) Alcoholism, HIV infection, and their comorbidity: factors affecting self-rated health-related quality of life. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 68:115-25
Pfefferbaum, Adolf; Rosenbloom, Margaret J; Adalsteinsson, Elfar et al. (2007) Diffusion tensor imaging with quantitative fibre tracking in HIV infection and alcoholism comorbidity: synergistic white matter damage. Brain 130:48-64
Fama, Rosemary; Eisen, Jeffrey C; Rosenbloom, Margaret J et al. (2007) Upper and lower limb motor impairments in alcoholism, HIV infection, and their comorbidity. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 31:1038-44
Sassoon, Stephanie A; Fama, Rosemary; Rosenbloom, Margaret J et al. (2007) Component cognitive and motor processes of the digit symbol test: differential deficits in alcoholism, HIV infection, and their comorbidity. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 31:1315-24
Pfefferbaum, Adolf (2006) From rats to monkeys to man-the neurophysiology of alcoholism: a tribute to Henri Begleiter. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 30:1641-2
Pfefferbaum, Adolf; Rosenbloom, Margaret J; Rohlfing, Torsten et al. (2006) Contribution of alcoholism to brain dysmorphology in HIV infection: effects on the ventricles and corpus callosum. Neuroimage 33:239-51

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