Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disease, is characterized by impairments in memory and cognition, neuronal loss and deposition of A? peptides. Early-onset familial AD [FAD] is caused by inheritance of mutated genes encoding presenilin 1 and presenilin 2 variants. The central thesis of our proposal is that in AD, cellular mechanisms responsible for the proliferation and differentiation o hippocampal neural progenitor cells (HNPCs) towards neurogenic fates are impaired, thus resulting in memory impairments in patients. Consistent with this view, we have demonstrated that ubiquitous expression of human FAD-linked PS1 variants in transgenic mice impairs environmental enrichment (EE)-induced hippocampal NPC proliferation and neurogenesis (Choi et al., 2008). Moreover, the effects of expressing mutant PS1 on HNPC phenotypes are driven by non-cell autonomous processes that involve factors released by other cells in the neurogenic microenvironment. Our studies also highlight the importance of microglial cells in mediating the effects of expressing mutant PS1 as these cells secrete factors that impair proliferation and neuronal lineage commitment of PS1hWT NPCs in vitro and transcripts encoding these factors are altered in microglia purified from mice expressing mutant PS1 following EE. These findings suggest that FAD-linked mutant PS1 impair NPC phenotypes in vivo by cell-non autonomous mechanisms that are mediated, at least in part, by microglia.
Our Specific Aims are focused on elucidating the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of FAD-linked PS1 on proliferation and differentiation of adult hippocampal NPCs.
Specific Aim 1 : To assess the secretome of neonatal microglia from mice expressing PS1hWT or FAD-linked PS1 mutants and to assess the role of microglia in mediating the effects of mutant PS1 on EE-mediated AHNPC proliferation and differentiation deficits in vivo.
Specific Aim 2 : To determine the impact of CC11-CCR3 signaling in mediating the effects of mutant PS1 on NPC deficits in vitro and in vivo.

Public Health Relevance

Alzheimer disease (AD), the most prevalent dementing disorder of the elderly, is characterized by memory loss and neurodegeneration. It is established that the birth of new neurons, termed neurogenesis in the hippocampus, a region of the brain that plays a central role in memory formation slows down with aging and is impaired in Alzheimer's disease. To these findings, we have reported that mutant presenilin (PS) genes that cause familial forms of AD impairs this process now offers opportunities to dissect the molecular mechanisms of adult neurogenesis that will lead to the identification of novel therapeutic modalities to enhance memory function in the elderly.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Aging (NIA)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01AG040185-09
Application #
9700469
Study Section
Cell Death in Neurodegeneration Study Section (CDIN)
Program Officer
Wise, Bradley C
Project Start
2016-07-01
Project End
2021-04-30
Budget Start
2019-05-01
Budget End
2020-04-30
Support Year
9
Fiscal Year
2019
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Chicago
Department
Biology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
005421136
City
Chicago
State
IL
Country
United States
Zip Code
60637
Veeraraghavalu, Karthikeyan; Zhang, Can; Zhang, Xiaoqiong et al. (2014) Age-dependent, non-cell-autonomous deposition of amyloid from synthesis of ?-amyloid by cells other than excitatory neurons. J Neurosci 34:3668-73
Veeraraghavalu, Karthikeyan; Choi, Se Hoon; Zhang, Xiaoqiong et al. (2013) Endogenous expression of FAD-linked PS1 impairs proliferation, neuronal differentiation and survival of adult hippocampal progenitors. Mol Neurodegener 8:41
Veeraraghavalu, Karthikeyan; Sisodia, Sangram S (2013) Mutant presenilin 1 expression in excitatory neurons impairs enrichment-mediated phenotypes of adult hippocampal progenitor cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 110:9148-53
Zhang, Xulun; Garbett, Krassimira; Veeraraghavalu, Karthikeyan et al. (2012) A role for presenilins in autophagy revisited: normal acidification of lysosomes in cells lacking PSEN1 and PSEN2. J Neurosci 32:8633-48
Veeraraghavalu, Karthikeyan; Choi, Se Hoon; Zhang, Xiaoqiong et al. (2010) Presenilin 1 mutants impair the self-renewal and differentiation of adult murine subventricular zone-neuronal progenitors via cell-autonomous mechanisms involving notch signaling. J Neurosci 30:6903-15