This application is a request for continued funding of 5RO1 AI033144 for Years 19-23 of a highly productive measles vaccine (MV) immunogenetics research program. Measles remains an epidemic virus in much of the world, leading to millions of infections and 164,000 deaths each year, and the current vaccine results in a failure rate of 2-10% after two doses. For 2011, the US has had 211 cases, more than in any year of the last decade. Our research is focused on identifying critical genetic determinates of immunity by examining associations between heterogeneity in humoral and cellular immune responses to MV and gene polymorphisms. Importantly, our research demonstrates that humoral and cellular immune responses to MV are significantly associated with HLA alleles and SNPs in candidate immune response genes, but these associations do not explain all of the variance in immune responses seen within the population. We will comprehensively identify the genetic determinants that explain our finding that the heritability of MV- induced humoral immunity is nearly 90%. To do so, we propose a state-of-the-art genome-wide association study (GWAS) design, followed by replication studies in independent cohorts, and finally validation studies to determine the functional consequences of replicated SNPs. The data from our study will support a new vaccinomics """"""""Discover-Replicate-Validate-Apply"""""""" paradigm for new vaccine development by defining how variations in MV immune responses are determined by gene polymorphisms. To accomplish these goals, we propose the following Specific Aims: 1) Discover: To perform a GWAS to identify novel genetic associations between SNPs, multigenic interactions, and gene networks/pathways and markers of humoral (neutralizing antibody) and cell-mediated (IFN-g ELISPOT) immunity to MV, 2) Replicate: To replicate a prioritized set of the strongest associations from both our GWAS (Aim 1) and candidate gene SNPs from our currently funded grant in an independent, population-based cohort of subjects, and 3) Validate: To determine the direct effects and/or downstream functional consequences on immune outcomes of selected replicated genetic variants. This application is innovative and significant in that it will: examin the effect of gene polymorphisms on the heterogeneity of measles vaccine immune responses, provide data that may explain mechanisms for these variations in MV immune responses, and provide data to support a novel paradigm of Discover-Replicate- Validate-Apply for new vaccine development. These studies will provide specific knowledge for understanding measles immunity, as well as provide a model framework for estimating the genetic contribution to variations in immune responses to a viral vaccine. Lastly, our work may provide knowledge important to the development of new viral vaccines-particularly against measles-by understanding genetic restrictions that prevent protective immune responses to vaccine.

Public Health Relevance

to Public Health: This grant will develop comprehensive information on the contribution and influence of genetic variants on measles vaccine-induced immune responses. These data will support a novel paradigm enabling the future design of new measles vaccines to protect public health and could also be used to inform vaccine development against other viral infections.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01AI033144-20
Application #
8607874
Study Section
Infectious Diseases, Reproductive Health, Asthma and Pulmonary Conditions Study Section (IRAP)
Program Officer
Cassetti, Cristina
Project Start
1993-09-30
Project End
2018-03-30
Budget Start
2014-04-01
Budget End
2015-03-31
Support Year
20
Fiscal Year
2014
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Mayo Clinic, Rochester
Department
Type
DUNS #
City
Rochester
State
MN
Country
United States
Zip Code
55905
Poland, G A; Ovsyannikova, I G; Kennedy, R B (2018) Personalized vaccinology: A review. Vaccine 36:5350-5357
Haralambieva, Iana H; Kennedy, Richard B; Simon, Whitney L et al. (2018) Differential miRNA expression in B cells is associated with inter-individual differences in humoral immune response to measles vaccination. PLoS One 13:e0191812
Voigt, Emily A; Haralambieva, Iana H; Larrabee, Beth L et al. (2018) Polymorphisms in the Wilms Tumor Gene Are Associated With Interindividual Variations in Rubella Virus-Specific Cellular Immunity After Measles-Mumps-Rubella II Vaccination. J Infect Dis 217:560-566
Schaid, Daniel J; Haralambieva, Iana H; Larrabee, Beth R et al. (2017) Heritability of vaccine-induced measles neutralizing antibody titers. Vaccine 35:1390-1394
Haralambieva, Iana H; Gibson, Michael J; Kennedy, Richard B et al. (2017) Characterization of rubella-specific humoral immunity following two doses of MMR vaccine using proteome microarray technology. PLoS One 12:e0188149
Haralambieva, Iana H; Ovsyannikova, Inna G; Kennedy, Richard B et al. (2017) Genome-wide associations of CD46 and IFI44L genetic variants with neutralizing antibody response to measles vaccine. Hum Genet 136:421-435
Ovsyannikova, Inna G; Larrabee, Beth R; Schaid, Daniel J et al. (2017) Immunoglobulin GM and KM genes and measles vaccine-induced humoral immunity. Vaccine 35:5444-5447
Poland, Gregory A; Whitaker, Jennifer A; Poland, Caroline M et al. (2016) Vaccinology in the third millennium: scientific and social challenges. Curr Opin Virol 17:116-125
Haralambieva, Iana H; Zimmermann, Michael T; Ovsyannikova, Inna G et al. (2016) Whole Transcriptome Profiling Identifies CD93 and Other Plasma Cell Survival Factor Genes Associated with Measles-Specific Antibody Response after Vaccination. PLoS One 11:e0160970
Voigt, Emily A; Ovsyannikova, Inna G; Haralambieva, Iana H et al. (2016) Genetically defined race, but not sex, is associated with higher humoral and cellular immune responses to measles vaccination. Vaccine 34:4913-4919

Showing the most recent 10 out of 94 publications