The Herpes Virus Entry Mediator (HVEM or TNFRSF14) is a particularly interesting TNF receptor because it engages in diverse interactions, thereby acting as a molecular switch mediating pro-inflammatory or anti- inflammatory responses, depending on context. HVEM is unique in binding TNF molecules (LIGHT also known as TNFSF14) and immunoglobulin (Ig) super family members, BTLA and CD160. Furthermore, it is a signaling receptor, but also as a ligand for signaling by BTLA. Additionally, it can interact in Trans, i.e., between cells, but also in cis, because the same cell can express HVEM and one or more of its binding partners. We have found that HVEM plays a key role in controlling mucosal inflammation, both in colitis initiated by T cell transfer to Rag-/- mice and in Citrobacter rodentium infection, a model for attaching and effacing intestinal bacterial infections. In C. rodentium infection, both innate and adaptive responses are impaired in Hvem-/- mice, including decreased IL-22 production by specialized intestinal natural killer cells (NK22 cells) and decreased generation of IL-17 secreting T lymphocytes (Th17 cells). Here we propose experiments designed to reveal the underlying mechanisms for HVEM-mediated control of mucosal inflammation and bacterial clearance. Using mice with targeted mutations, we will determine the nature of the inflammatory, innate immune response in the absence of HVEM, and we will determine if increased inflammation is caused by decreased IL-22 synthesis. We will identify the critical binding partner(s) for HVEM in the mucosal innate response, and the cell types that must express HVEM and its partner. We will address similar questions in the adaptive mucosal immune response, namely the HVEM dependent cell types required for normal Th17 cell generation following infection, the relevant binding partner, and the cell type expressing it. Additionally, we will identify contexts in which the HVEM-BTLA cis complex is important in vivo, and we will determine if the decrease in colonic Th17 cells is due to increased apoptosis. HVEM is a key but under studied player in mucosal immunity, but our experimental results will untangle the network of HVEM-mediated interactions to reveal the means by which it regulates mucosal inflammation.

Public Health Relevance

HVEM is a molecule related to tumor necrosis factor receptors, and we have made the novel finding that it plays an important role in controlling intestinal inflammation following bacterial infection or in an animal model of inflammatory bowel disease. The proposed experiments will determine how HVEM works to control the intestinal immune response, which may aid in developing therapeutics directed to HVEM or its binding partners to ameliorate intestinal inflammation.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01AI061516-09
Application #
8683070
Study Section
Immunity and Host Defense (IHD)
Program Officer
Rothermel, Annette L
Project Start
2004-05-01
Project End
2016-06-30
Budget Start
2014-07-01
Budget End
2015-06-30
Support Year
9
Fiscal Year
2014
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
La Jolla Institute
Department
Type
DUNS #
City
La Jolla
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
92037
Seo, Goo-Young; Shui, Jr-Wen; Takahashi, Daisuke et al. (2018) LIGHT-HVEM Signaling in Innate Lymphoid Cell Subsets Protects Against Enteric Bacterial Infection. Cell Host Microbe 24:249-260.e4
Herro, Rana; Shui, Jr-Wen; Zahner, Sonja et al. (2018) LIGHT-HVEM signaling in keratinocytes controls development of dermatitis. J Exp Med 215:415-422
Edwards, Rebecca G; Kopp, Sarah J; Ifergan, Igal et al. (2017) Murine Corneal Inflammation and Nerve Damage After Infection With HSV-1 Are Promoted by HVEM and Ameliorated by Immune-Modifying Nanoparticle Therapy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 58:282-291
van der Gracht, Esmé; Zahner, Sonja; Kronenberg, Mitchell (2016) When Insult Is Added to Injury: Cross Talk between ILCs and Intestinal Epithelium in IBD. Mediators Inflamm 2016:9765238
Krause, Petra; Zahner, Sonja P; Kim, Gisen et al. (2014) The tumor necrosis factor family member TNFSF14 (LIGHT) is required for resolution of intestinal inflammation in mice. Gastroenterology 146:1752-62.e4
del Rio, Maria-Luisa; Fernandez-Renedo, Carlos; Scheu, Stefanie et al. (2014) Therapeutic blockade of LIGHT interaction with herpesvirus entry mediator and lymphotoxin ? receptor attenuates in vivo cytotoxic allogeneic responses. Transplantation 98:1165-74
Shui, Jr-Wen; Kronenberg, Mitchell (2014) HVEM is a TNF Receptor with Multiple Regulatory Roles in the Mucosal Immune System. Immune Netw 14:67-72
Shui, Jr-Wen; Kronenberg, Mitchell (2013) HVEM: An unusual TNF receptor family member important for mucosal innate immune responses to microbes. Gut Microbes 4:146-51
Steinberg, Marcos W; Huang, Yujun; Wang-Zhu, Yiran et al. (2013) BTLA interaction with HVEM expressed on CD8(+) T cells promotes survival and memory generation in response to a bacterial infection. PLoS One 8:e77992
Shui, Jr-Wen; Larange, Alexandre; Kim, Gisen et al. (2012) HVEM signalling at mucosal barriers provides host defence against pathogenic bacteria. Nature 488:222-5

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