Despite successful immunization of children against 7 serotypes of S. pneumoniae (SP) with pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), critical questions remain regarding long-term vaccine effects on SP serotypes and antimicrobial resistance. Replacement with non-vaccine types (through expansion of already circulating strains, importation of new strains, or capsular switching) and emerging antibiotic resistance could again increase morbidity from pneumococcal infection. Building on our analysis of SP isolates from 16 communities in 2001 and 2004, we will perform a multi-community assessment of changes in carriage prevalence and serotype-specific antimicrobial resistance in 2007 and 2009. Isolates will undergo resistance testing, serotyping, pulse field gel electrophoresis, and multi-locus sequence typing to determine the biological processes which underlie changes in community carriage of SP in the era of universal immunization. Specifically we will: 1)Measure trends in carriage of SP, including prevalence, serotypes carried, and serotype-specific antibiotic resistance. 2) Test competing hypotheses for shifts in pneumococcal population structure following PCV7 introduction, including the mechanism of antibiotic resistance among non-vaccine types. 3) Determine if previously documented risk factors for carriage of SP (susceptible and non-susceptible) continue to predict carriage in the post-PCV7 era. Continuing assessment of the epidemiology and population genetics of the community reservoir of SP will inform future expectations regarding localized and invasive pneumococcal disease. ? ? ?

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01AI066304-02
Application #
7264484
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-IRAP-Q (01))
Program Officer
Khambaty, Farukh M
Project Start
2006-08-01
Project End
2010-07-31
Budget Start
2007-08-01
Budget End
2008-07-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2007
Total Cost
$625,126
Indirect Cost
Name
Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, Inc.
Department
Type
DUNS #
071721088
City
Boston
State
MA
Country
United States
Zip Code
02215
Lee, Grace M; Kleinman, Ken; Pelton, Stephen et al. (2017) Immunization, Antibiotic Use, and Pneumococcal Colonization Over a 15-Year Period. Pediatrics 140:
Croucher, Nicholas J; Campo, Joseph J; Le, Timothy Q et al. (2017) Diverse evolutionary patterns of pneumococcal antigens identified by pangenome-wide immunological screening. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 114:E357-E366
Bomar, Lindsey; Brugger, Silvio D; Yost, Brian H et al. (2016) Corynebacterium accolens Releases Antipneumococcal Free Fatty Acids from Human Nostril and Skin Surface Triacylglycerols. MBio 7:e01725-15
Croucher, Nicholas J; Finkelstein, Jonathan A; Pelton, Stephen I et al. (2015) Population genomic datasets describing the post-vaccine evolutionary epidemiology of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Sci Data 2:150058
Yildirim, Inci; Shea, Kimberly M; Pelton, Stephen I (2015) Pneumococcal Disease in the Era of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine. Infect Dis Clin North Am 29:679-97
Chang, Qiuzhi; Stevenson, Abbie E; Croucher, Nicholas J et al. (2015) Stability of the pneumococcal population structure in Massachusetts as PCV13 was introduced. BMC Infect Dis 15:68
Croucher, Nicholas J; Kagedan, Lisa; Thompson, Claudette M et al. (2015) Selective and genetic constraints on pneumococcal serotype switching. PLoS Genet 11:e1005095
Croucher, Nicholas J; Coupland, Paul G; Stevenson, Abbie E et al. (2014) Diversification of bacterial genome content through distinct mechanisms over different timescales. Nat Commun 5:5471
Lee, Grace M; Kleinman, Ken; Pelton, Stephen I et al. (2014) Impact of 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccination on Streptococcus pneumoniae Carriage in Young Children in Massachusetts. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 3:23-32
Li, Yuan; Weinberger, Daniel M; Thompson, Claudette M et al. (2013) Surface charge of Streptococcus pneumoniae predicts serotype distribution. Infect Immun 81:4519-24

Showing the most recent 10 out of 26 publications