The goals of our studies are to (i) determine pathogenetic mechanisms and (ii) identify new therapeutic strategies for a group of severe muscular dystrophies. We have found that aberrant activation of cell death - mediated by the pro-death protein Bax and its cytosolic binding partner Ku70 - appears to be a pathogenetic mechanism in at least three human muscular dystrophies: Congenital Muscular Dystrophy Type 1A (MDC1A, mutations of laminin- alpha2); Limb-girdle Muscular Dystrophy Type 2D (LGMD2D, mutations of alpha-sarcoglycan); and LGMD2C (mutations of gamma-sarcoglycan). For each of these muscular dystrophies, a key step in pathogenesis appears to be aberrantly increased acetylation of Ku70, which in turn leads to induction of Bax-mediated cell death. We now propose to identify the mechanisms that underlie this disease-induced dysregulation of the Ku70/Bax pathway. One set of experiments will identify the deacetylase and acetyltransferase mechanisms that regulate Ku70 function. A second set of experiments will determine if restoring normal Ku70 acetylation will ameliorate pathology in disease models. The studies will analyze both mouse disease models and cells from our extensive library of myogenic cells from human patients. The patient cells provide a particularly favorable system to study mechanisms of pathogenesis, because we find that myotubes formed in culture from human MDC1A, LGMD2C, and LGM2D patient myoblasts, but not normal myoblasts, spontaneously undergo cell death.
Under Specific Aim 1, we will identify Ku70 deacetylase and acetyltransferase mechanisms in normal and diseased muscle cells. These studies will test our hypothesis that aberrant function of Ku70 deacetylases and/or acetyltransferases causes muscle pathology.
Under Specific Aim 2, we will determine if restoring normal Ku70 acetylation ameliorates pathology. These studies will test our hypothesis that restoring a healthy low level of Ku70 acetylation will inhibit cell dath and lessen pathology in disease models. Our studies are designed to identify pathogenetic mechanisms that are common to multiple muscular dystrophies. From our results, we expect to identify potential therapeutic strategies that could be effective for multiple diseases.

Public Health Relevance

The goals of our experiments are to identify pathogenetic mechanisms and potential new therapeutic strategies for a group of severe childhood muscular dystrophies (MDC1A, LGMD2C, LGMD2D). Each of these childhood diseases is severely debilitating and treatments are lacking, so new therapies are critically needed.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01AR060328-05
Application #
8843360
Study Section
Skeletal Muscle and Exercise Physiology Study Section (SMEP)
Program Officer
Boyce, Amanda T
Project Start
2012-05-01
Project End
2017-04-30
Budget Start
2015-05-01
Budget End
2016-04-30
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
$496,258
Indirect Cost
$193,107
Name
Boston University
Department
Neurology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
604483045
City
Boston
State
MA
Country
United States
Zip Code
02118
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Homma, Sachiko; Beermann, Mary Lou; Yu, Bryant et al. (2016) Nuclear bodies reorganize during myogenesis in vitro and are differentially disrupted by expression of FSHD-associated DUX4. Skelet Muscle 6:42
Homma, Sachiko; Beermann, Mary Lou; Boyce, Frederick M et al. (2015) Expression of FSHD-related DUX4-FL alters proteostasis and induces TDP-43 aggregation. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2:151-66
Jones, Takako I; King, Oliver D; Himeda, Charis L et al. (2015) Individual epigenetic status of the pathogenic D4Z4 macrosatellite correlates with disease in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy. Clin Epigenetics 7:37
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Yoon, Soonsang; Stadler, Guido; Beermann, Mary Lou et al. (2013) Immortalized myogenic cells from congenital muscular dystrophy type1A patients recapitulate aberrant caspase activation in pathogenesis: a new tool for MDC1A research. Skelet Muscle 3:28
Jones, Takako Iida; Chen, Jennifer C J; Rahimov, Fedik et al. (2012) Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy family studies of DUX4 expression: evidence for disease modifiers and a quantitative model of pathogenesis. Hum Mol Genet 21:4419-30