Tendon tears are common musculoskeletal injuries that heal without restoration of the functional structure. Failure of healing tendons to restore th functional structure leads to progression of injury and high incidence of retear after surgical repair. Scarless tendon healing, with restored native tissue properties, could improve surgical outcome or eliminate the need for surgical repair altogether, but is not typically observed in postnatal mammals. The discovery that adult Murphy Roths Large (MRL/MpJ) mice exhibit a regenerative capacity has distinguished this mouse strain as an exciting model to investigate mechanisms that underlie adult regenerative healing. Investigation into the regenerative mechanisms of MRL/MpJ mice has generated hypotheses that implicate both, the systemic and local tissue level, but no conclusive data exists. The proposed studies interrogate the contribution of the systemic environment of the MRL/MpJ mouse and the local environment of its tendon to scarless tendon healing. Our hypothesis is that scarless healing in MRL/MpJ tendons is mediated by a unique provisional extracellular matrix (ECM) that promotes improved alignment and proliferation of matrix producing cells but does not ultimately lead to excessive matrix deposition due to increased catabolic activity of Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9). In addition to our published data that show that MRL/MpJ mice exhibit improved healing in midsubstance punch injuries, additional evidence that supports this novel hypothesis includes: (1) data that show that the provisional ECM in regenerative MRL/MpJ mice differs in structure and composition than the provisional ECM in healing B6 tendons? (2) data that show that during the early phases of healing, MRL/MpJ tendons exhibit increased cell proliferation and improved alignment in the context of this distinctly different and better aligned provisional ECM? and (3) correlated data that show increased expression of MMP9 and a provisional ECM that is replaced by a better aligned long term ECM. We propose to interrogate the systemic and local factors that contribute to synthesis of MRL/MpJ's unique provisional ECM (Aim 2) and elucidate the role of this provisional ECM in modulating the cellular response (Aim 1). We will also explore the therapeutic potential of the provisional ECM derived from MRL/MpJ healing tendons to promote scarless tendon healing in scarmediated B6 mice (Aim 3). Novel microsurgical techniques and inbred mouse strains are utilized to uncouple the contribution of the systemic environment and the tendon to scarless tendon healing. Tendon organ culture is also employed to determine the role of the provisional ECM from regenerative MRL/MpJ mice in modulating the cellular activity that leads to scarless tendon healing. These studies set the foundation for development of therapeutic interventions by isolating the contributions of the innate tendon and the systemic environment to scarless tendon healing. The potential utility of MRL/MpJ's provisional ECM as a therapeutic intervention that harnesses the biological and structural queues that lead to scarless tendon healing could be highly impactful for the field of tendon tissue engineering.

Public Health Relevance

Tendon tears are common musculoskeletal injuries that heal without restoration of the functional structure. The proposed studies utilize the naturally regenerative Murphy Roths Large (MRL/MpJ) mouse to elucidate the biological pathways that lead to scarless tendon healing. These studies set the foundation for development of therapeutics that promote restoration of functional structure in injured tendons by (1) isolating the contributions of the innate tendon and the systemic environment to scarless tendon healing? and (2) investigating whether healing tendon tissue from MRL/MpJ mice harnesses the queues that lead to scarless tendon healing.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
7R01AR068301-02
Application #
9272653
Study Section
Skeletal Biology Structure and Regeneration Study Section (SBSR)
Program Officer
Tyree, Bernadette
Project Start
2016-01-20
Project End
2020-12-31
Budget Start
2016-01-20
Budget End
2016-12-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Cornell University
Department
Engineering (All Types)
Type
Biomed Engr/Col Engr/Engr Sta
DUNS #
872612445
City
Ithaca
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
14850
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Paredes, Juan; Shiovitz, David A; Andarawis-Puri, Nelly (2018) Uncorrelated healing response of tendon and ear injuries in MRL highlight a role for the local tendon environment in driving scarless healing. Connect Tissue Res 59:472-482
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Paredes, J J; Andarawis-Puri, Nelly (2016) Therapeutics for tendon regeneration: a multidisciplinary review of tendon research for improved healing. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1383:125-138