The sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) mediates iodide transport in the thyroid and lactating breast. Targeted expression of a NIS-expressing transgene in a range of tumor models has promoted successful radioiodine therapy, but this approach is limited by the requirement to successfully achieve gene transfer into the tumor. Activation of endogenous NIS in thyroid cancer by thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) is the primary tool for effective imaging and treatment of thyroid cancer. Basal NIS expression in MCF7 breast cancer cells is generally low, but is markedly stimulated by retinoic acid (RA). RA treatment results in significant concentration of radioiodine in breast cancer cells and in mouse breast cancer models. We have recently shown that RA stimulation of NIS expression in breast cancer cell lines is retinoic acid receptor (RAR) isoform-specific, mediated predominantly by the RAR(32 isoform, and that dexamethasone enhances induction. Inhibitors of the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PIS kinase) signal transduction pathway completely block RA-induced NIS mRNA and protein expression. The signal transduction pathways in breast cancer cells are distinct from those activated by TSH that stimulate NIS expression in thyroid cancer. Our hypothesis is that unique mechanisms of regulation of NIS in breast cancer, distinct from those in lactating breast or thyroid, can be defined and exploited to selectively deliver radioiodine that will be effective for diagnosis and treatment of some differentiated breast cancer. The following specific aims will be investigated;1. Determine the mechanism of RA-stimulation of the phosphatidylinositol-3 (PIS) kinase signal transduction pathway and downstream mediators of NIS gene expression in breast cancer. We will utilize pharmacologic antagonists, agonists, genetics, and functional proteomics, to map the relevant interacting factors. 2. Define the mechanisms and conditions that optimize NIS gene expression and functional iodide uptake in breast cancer cell lines, compared to thyroid, through maximizing NIS protein expression, subcellular localization, and kinetics. 3. Utilize the defined optimized combinations of NIS gene and protein stimulatory factors in transgenic and xenograft in vivo models to maximally concentrate radioiodine and treat tumors. The findings from this study can potentially be applied to radioiodine imaging and treatment of breast cancer and further understanding the factors that regulate breast cancer growth and differentiation.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01CA089364-07
Application #
7624688
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-EMNR-G (05))
Program Officer
Bernhard, Eric J
Project Start
2001-01-12
Project End
2012-04-30
Budget Start
2009-05-01
Budget End
2010-04-30
Support Year
7
Fiscal Year
2009
Total Cost
$215,460
Indirect Cost
Name
University of California Los Angeles
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
092530369
City
Los Angeles
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
90095
Brent, Gregory A; Kogai, Takahiko (2013) Cancer: Novel target to enhance radioiodine uptake in thyroid cancer. Nat Rev Endocrinol 9:508-9
Kogai, Takahiko; Liu, Yan-Yun; Mody, Kaizeen et al. (2012) Regulation of sodium iodide symporter gene expression by Rac1/p38? mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. J Biol Chem 287:3292-300
Brent, Gregory A (2012) Mechanisms of thyroid hormone action. J Clin Invest 122:3035-43
Kogai, Takahiko; Brent, Gregory A (2012) The sodium iodide symporter (NIS): regulation and approaches to targeting for cancer therapeutics. Pharmacol Ther 135:355-70
Kogai, Takahiko; Liu, Yan-Yun; Richter, Laura L et al. (2010) Retinoic acid induces expression of the thyroid hormone transporter, monocarboxylate transporter 8 (Mct8). J Biol Chem 285:27279-88
Brent, Gregory A (2010) The impact of perchlorate exposure in early pregnancy: is it safe to drink the water? J Clin Endocrinol Metab 95:3154-7
Brent, Gregory A (2010) Environmental exposures and autoimmune thyroid disease. Thyroid 20:755-61
Ohashi, Emi; Kogai, Takahiko; Kagechika, Hiroyuki et al. (2009) Activation of the PI3 kinase pathway by retinoic acid mediates sodium/iodide symporter induction and iodide transport in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Cancer Res 69:3443-50
Kogai, Takahiko; Sajid-Crockett, Saima; Newmarch, Lynell S et al. (2008) Phosphoinositide-3-kinase inhibition induces sodium/iodide symporter expression in rat thyroid cells and human papillary thyroid cancer cells. J Endocrinol 199:243-52
Kogai, Takahiko; Ohashi, Emi; Jacobs, Megan S et al. (2008) Retinoic acid stimulation of the sodium/iodide symporter in MCF-7 breast cancer cells is mediated by the insulin growth factor-I/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93:1884-92

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