The advent of dual modality PET/CT scanners has significantly enhanced the physician's armamentarium for the diagnosis and staging of cancer as well as for therapy planning and monitoring response to therapy. Our earlier work demonstrated that PET/CT scanners have synergies in the use of the x-ray CT image for anatomical localization of the PET functional information and attenuation correction of the PET emission data. PET/CT scanners are now in routine use for the diagnosis and staging of cancer. However, there are clinically relevant scenarios where improving the quantitative accuracy of PET/CT imaging is both important and challenging. An exciting development is the use of PET/CT imaging to accurately measure a tumor's characteristics both before and during therapy to determine as early as possible the efficacy of the treatment. The most significant challenges to quantitative accuracy come from respiratory motion, partial volume effects, and estimation of the attenuation coefficients for high atomic number materials such as bone, metal, and contrast agents. Specific abnormalities where combinations of these difficulties occur are in imaging lung cancer and bone metastases from breast cancer. We hypothesize that improved quantification can be achieved through the development of three approaches: (1) combining low-dose x-ray imaging with dual energy CT for PET attenuation correction, (2) the use of respiratory-correlated PET/CT with image registration, and (3) the use of PET scanner resolution and CT-derived boundary information in the PET image reconstruction or in post-reconstruction image processing. The improved quantification of tracer uptake will increase the accuracy of information used to guide therapeutic choices, directly benefiting patient care. Accurate PET/CT measurements of early response will be critical in determining the best cancer therapy option for each patient in a timely manner and in sparing patients the morbidity and cost of ineffective treatments. ? ? ?

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01CA115870-02
Application #
7286648
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-SBIB-S (03))
Program Officer
Menkens, Anne E
Project Start
2006-09-13
Project End
2011-07-31
Budget Start
2007-08-01
Budget End
2008-07-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2007
Total Cost
$318,537
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Washington
Department
Radiation-Diagnostic/Oncology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
605799469
City
Seattle
State
WA
Country
United States
Zip Code
98195
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