The breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (Brca1) plays a key role in both hereditary and sporadic mammary tumorigenesis. However, the extent to which BRCA1-activated molecular pathways contribute to its tumor suppressor activity also remains unclear. Activation of AKT kinase is one of the most common molecular alterations associated with human tumors. Increased AKT kinase activity is reported in most of the breast cancers. Our preliminary data indicate that down-regulation of BRCA1 expression or mutations of the Brca1 gene activate the AKT1 oncogenic pathway. BRCA1 directly binds to AKT1 kinase and down-regulates its activation through the ubiquitination-protein degradation pathway. Moreover, the mutant of AKT1 induced the cell growth is dependent of that it lacks the interaction with BRCA1. In human breast cancers, reduced expression of BRCA1 is correlated with increased phosphorylation of AKT1. These results support the hypothesis that the activation of AKT1 is involved in BRCA1-deficiency mediated tumorigenesis.
The specific aims of the proposed studies are: (1) To establish the molecular details of the BRCA1-AKT1 pathway;(2) To understand the contributions of BRCA1-AKT1 pathway to tumorigenesis;and to establish the AKT1 pathway as novel preventive and therapeutic targets for BRCA1-deficient cancers. To achieve these goals, a series of studies is planned which will: 1) Determine the molecular mechanism of BRCA1 regulating AKT1 activation and investigating the functional effects of the direct interaction of BRCA1 with AKT1;2) Generate a knock-in mouse with AKT1 mutation that fails to interact with BRCA1 and define the role of BRCA1-AKT1 pathway in tumorigenesis;3) Target mTOR, a critical downstream effector of AKT1, to determine whether the AKT1 pathway is a novel target for the prevention and treatment of BRCA1-deficient cancers. Thus, the proposed studies in this application will generate strong evidence that AKT1 activation is regulated by BRCA1 in vivo. The Akt1 mutant mouse model will be useful new tool for studies of the BRCA1/AKT1 pathway in tumorigenesis and cancer therapy.

Public Health Relevance

Establishment of the novel BRCA1-AKT1 pathway in cancer development and elucidation of its precise molecular functions are expected to improve our understanding of hereditary as well as sporadic cancer formation. The studies proposed in the application should make significant contributions to the field of breast cancer prevention and therapy.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
4R01CA129440-03
Application #
8193157
Study Section
Molecular Oncogenesis Study Section (MONC)
Program Officer
Yassin, Rihab R,
Project Start
2009-07-01
Project End
2014-06-30
Budget Start
2011-07-01
Budget End
2012-06-30
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$305,938
Indirect Cost
Name
Washington University
Department
Radiation-Diagnostic/Oncology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
068552207
City
Saint Louis
State
MO
Country
United States
Zip Code
63130
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Jia, Y; Song, W; Zhang, F et al. (2013) Akt1 inhibits homologous recombination in Brca1-deficient cells by blocking the Chk1-Rad51 pathway. Oncogene 32:1943-9
Schwarz, Julie K; Payton, Jacqueline E; Rashmi, Ramachandran et al. (2012) Pathway-specific analysis of gene expression data identifies the PI3K/Akt pathway as a novel therapeutic target in cervical cancer. Clin Cancer Res 18:1464-71
Xiang, T; Jia, Y; Sherris, D et al. (2011) Targeting the Akt/mTOR pathway in Brca1-deficient cancers. Oncogene 30:2443-50