Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) currently kill the majority of afflicted patients despite treatment with combination chemotherapy and hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). The option of HCT for potential therapy of acute leukemias must be further extended to patients who do not have a readily available HLA-matched donor, such as patients in ethnic minority groups. Radiolabeled anti-CD45 monoclonal antibodies (Ab) have been shown to improve outcomes for AML and MDS in the setting of HCT, but toxicity remains high and cure rates are suboptimal. The objective of this research proposal is to develop a strategy to improve the cure rate of AML and MDS using radioimmunotherapy (RIT) pretargeted to the CD45 cell antigen.
In Aim 1 we will optimize the therapeutic efficacy and toxicities of the pretargeted RIT approach by comparing the relative merits of 90Y- and 177Lu-labeled biotin in comparative biodistribution, dosimetry and therapy experiments to determine if the shorter path length b emissions of 177Lu afford more favorable tumor-to-normal organ ratios than those achievable with 90Y.
In Aim 2 we will assess the relative merits of HCT employing MHC-haploidentical stem cells utilizing myeloablative pretargeted RIT with an anti-CD45 Ab (30F11)-streptavidin (SA) conjugate followed by either 90Y- or 177Lu-labeled DOTA-biotin (as determined from aim 1 the best radionuclide will be used), compared to conventional RIT using a directly radiolabeled anti-CD45 Ab (30F11) in clinically relevant disseminated AML murine leukemia model in which both leukemic cells and normal hematopoietic cells express CD45. We anticipate that the results from this aim will demonstrate that pretargeted RIT is superior to conventional RIT and will allow us to improve the therapeutic efficacy of haploidentical BMT, with tolerable toxicity.
In Aim 3 we will characterize and maximize the myelosuppressive and immunosuppressive effects of radiation delivered to lymphohematopoietic tissues via either 90Y- or 177Lu-labeled biotin (as determined from aim 1) in combination with optimized supplemental doses of total body irradiation (TBI) and Fludarabine (FLU) in a preclinical murine haploidentical HCT model employing cyclophosphamide (CY) post-transplant graft-vs-host disease prophylaxis. Reducing the TBI and FLU doses, while administering high doses of pretargeted 90Y- or 177Lu-biotin as part of a preparative regimen for marrow HCT, would depend upon the demonstration of the ability of such an approach to: 1) ablate the marrow space, and 2) produce adequate immunosuppression. Thus, in aim 3 we will also evaluate the kinetics and durability of hematopoietic and immune cell reconstitution using an anti-mCD45 Ab-SA conjugate (30F11 Ab-SA) and radiobiotin, followed by reduced doses of TBI and/or FLU and infusion of MHC-haploidentical BM and post-transplantation CY in a murine leukemia model. We hypothesize that the pretargeted RIT strategy defined in this proposal will amplify the amount of radiation delivered to leukemia cells, decrease the radiation delivered to the liver, lungs, and other normal organs, improve remission and cure rates, prolong survival, and markedly attenuate toxicities compared to conventional RIT combined with standard conditioning reagents. We therefore anticipate rapid translation of the optimized promising pretargeted RIT into our clinical RIT HCT program for AML and MDS.

Public Health Relevance

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) currently kill the majority of patients with the disease despite treatment with chemotherapy and hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). In this project, we plan to improve the cure rate of AML and MDS for patients undergoing HCT without a readily available HLA-matched donor, such as patients in ethnic minority groups, by targeting radiation therapy to the leukemia cells using a novel conditioning regimen and a new method called pretargeted radioimmunotherapy. We anticipate that these approaches will cure more patients and cause fewer toxicities than currently available therapies.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01CA138720-02
Application #
8042689
Study Section
Radiation Therapeutics and Biology Study Section (RTB)
Program Officer
Prasanna, Pat G
Project Start
2010-03-09
Project End
2014-12-31
Budget Start
2011-01-01
Budget End
2011-12-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$354,244
Indirect Cost
Name
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Department
Type
DUNS #
078200995
City
Seattle
State
WA
Country
United States
Zip Code
98109
Greenbaum, Adam M; Green, Damian J; Holmberg, Leona A et al. (2018) Bendamustine, etoposide, and dexamethasone to mobilize peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells for autologous transplantation in non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood Res 53:223-226
Orozco, Johnnie J; Kenoyer, Aimee; Balkin, Ethan R et al. (2016) Anti-CD45 radioimmunotherapy without TBI before transplantation facilitates persistent haploidentical donor engraftment. Blood 127:352-9
Green, D J; Bensinger, W I; Holmberg, L A et al. (2016) Bendamustine, etoposide and dexamethasone to mobilize peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells for autologous transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma. Bone Marrow Transplant 51:1330-1336
Frost, Sofia H L; Frayo, Shani L; Miller, Brian W et al. (2015) Comparative efficacy of 177Lu and 90Y for anti-CD20 pretargeted radioimmunotherapy in murine lymphoma xenograft models. PLoS One 10:e0120561
Cassaday, Ryan D; Storer, Barry E; Sorror, Mohamed L et al. (2015) Long-term outcomes of patients with persistent indolent B cell malignancies undergoing nonmyeloablative allogeneic transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 21:281-7
Larson, Steven M; Carrasquillo, Jorge A; Cheung, Nai-Kong V et al. (2015) Radioimmunotherapy of human tumours. Nat Rev Cancer 15:347-60
Matesan, Manuela; Rajendran, Joseph; Press, Oliver W et al. (2014) 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan therapy in allogeneic transplantation in B-cell lymphoma with extensive marrow involvement and chronic lymphocytic leukemia: utility of pretransplantation biodistribution. Nucl Med Commun 35:1132-42
Lionberger, Jack M; Pagel, John M; Sandhu, Vicky K et al. (2014) Outpatient bendamustine and idarubicin for upfront therapy of elderly acute myeloid leukaemia/myelodysplastic syndrome: a phase I/II study using an innovative statistical design. Br J Haematol 166:375-81
Orozco, Johnnie J; Balkin, Ethan R; Gooley, Ted A et al. (2014) Anti-CD45 radioimmunotherapy with 90Y but not 177Lu is effective treatment in a syngeneic murine leukemia model. PLoS One 9:e113601
Balkin, Ethan R; Kenoyer, Aimee; Orozco, Johnnie J et al. (2014) In vivo localization of ??Y and ยน??Lu radioimmunoconjugates using Cerenkov luminescence imaging in a disseminated murine leukemia model. Cancer Res 74:5846-54

Showing the most recent 10 out of 19 publications