Recent evidence indicates that both embryonic and adult stem cells have enormous therapeutic potential for cell therapy. In prior research, we have established that: a) therapeutically engineered stem cells migrate extensively to tumors and to infiltrating deposits in the brain and have apoptotic and antiangiogenic effects when transplanted into mouse models of glioma;and b) the dynamics of receptor targeted anti-tumor therapies and fate of stem cells can be visualized in real time in vivo. In this proposal, we will create toxin resistant human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) for on-site delivery of targeted nanobodies and cytotoxic agents to simultaneously block proliferation and induce killing of tumor cells without affecting the normal brain. Specifically, MSC will be engineered to express targeted therapeutic proteins directed against overexpressed EGFR and specifically expressed IL13Ra2 and death receptors (DR)4/5 in glioma cells. In close collaboration with Henegouwen lab (Utrecht University, The Netherlands) which is leading efforts in developing low molecular weight, highly soluble EGFR specific nanobodies (EGFR-NB), we have recently shown that mammalian cells can be employed to express secretable bivalent EGFR nanobodies. We will initially express EGFR-NB in MSC and study the effect of EGFR-NB on EGFR signaling and cell proliferation in a panel of primary glioma cells and CD133+ primary brain tumor cells in an ongoing collaboration with Settleman lab (MGH, Boston). A number of studies have shown synergistic anti-tumor effects when EGFR signaling antagonists are combined with cytokines. Two different cytotoxic therapies based on selectively targeting glioma cells will be tested. In the first approach we will create toxin resistant MSC in an ongoing collaboration with Rich lab (B&W Hospital, Boston) and engineer MSC expressing EGFR-NB and IL13R-targeted Diphtheria toxin (DT) which is known to induce cell death by inhibition of protein synthesis through ADP-ribosylation of elongation factor-2 (EF-2). In the second approach we will create MSC expressing EGFR-NB and S-TRAIL, which we have extensively characterized and shown to selectively induce apoptosis via up-regulated death receptors (DR)-4/5 in proliferating glioma cells. Both approaches will be tested for their efficacy in culture and in vivo in established glioma lines. Based on these findings, we will utilize the most efficient therapeutic MSC in a highly invasive primary mouse model of glioma. We hypothesize that on site delivery of therapeutic MSC will result in simultaneous down-regulation of cell survival pathways and activation of death pathways thus resulting in enhanced eradication of gliomas. The integration of genetically engineered fluorescent and bioluminescent imaging markers and in vivo imaging in close collaboration with Weissleder lab (MGH, Boston) will allow us to follow delivery and fate of MSC and to asses their therapeutic efficacy in vivo These studies are expected to have a major impact in developing novel stem cell therapies that will eventually be compatible with clinical trials.

Public Health Relevance

In this proposal we will engineer human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) to express targeted therapeutic proteins directed against overexpressed receptors in glioma cells. Two different combinatorial therapy approaches based on targeting cell proliferation and death pathways in glioma cells will be explored. The developed agents and strategies will be designed to be clinically translatable and should have a major impact in developing efficient therapies for brain tumors.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01CA138922-05
Application #
8608425
Study Section
Developmental Therapeutics Study Section (DT)
Program Officer
Forry, Suzanne L
Project Start
2010-03-18
Project End
2015-01-31
Budget Start
2014-02-01
Budget End
2015-01-31
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2014
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Massachusetts General Hospital
Department
Type
DUNS #
City
Boston
State
MA
Country
United States
Zip Code
02199
Zhu, Yanni; Bassoff, Nicole; Reinshagen, Clemens et al. (2017) Bi-specific molecule against EGFR and death receptors simultaneously targets proliferation and death pathways in tumors. Sci Rep 7:2602
Shah, Khalid (2016) Stem cell-based therapies for tumors in the brain: are we there yet? Neuro Oncol 18:1066-78
Choi, Sung Hugh; Tamura, Kaoru; Khajuria, Rajiv Kumar et al. (2015) Antiangiogenic variant of TSP-1 targets tumor cells in glioblastomas. Mol Ther 23:235-43
Stuckey, Daniel W; Hingtgen, Shawn D; Karakas, Nihal et al. (2015) Engineering toxin-resistant therapeutic stem cells to treat brain tumors. Stem Cells 33:589-600
Bagci-Onder, Tugba; Du, Wanlu; Figueiredo, Jose-Luiz et al. (2015) Targeting breast to brain metastatic tumours with death receptor ligand expressing therapeutic stem cells. Brain 138:1710-21
Redjal, Navid; Zhu, Yanni; Shah, Khalid (2015) Combination of systemic chemotherapy with local stem cell delivered S-TRAIL in resected brain tumors. Stem Cells 33:101-10
Martinez-Quintanilla, Jordi; He, Derek; Wakimoto, Hiroaki et al. (2015) Encapsulated stem cells loaded with hyaluronidase-expressing oncolytic virus for brain tumor therapy. Mol Ther 23:108-18
Stuckey, Daniel W; Shah, Khalid (2014) Stem cell-based therapies for cancer treatment: separating hope from hype. Nat Rev Cancer 14:683-91
Zhu, Yanni; Shah, Khalid (2014) Multiple lesions in receptor tyrosine kinase pathway determine glioblastoma response to pan-ERBB inhibitor PF-00299804 and PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitor PF-05212384. Cancer Biol Ther 15:815-22
Tamura, Kaoru; Wakimoto, Hiroaki; Agarwal, Aayush S et al. (2013) Multimechanistic tumor targeted oncolytic virus overcomes resistance in brain tumors. Mol Ther 21:68-77

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