We have identified a human colon anaerobic bacterium, enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF), as a candidate etiologic agent for colon cancer and our murine models of ETBF colonization delineate a potential procarcinogenic immune pathway that ETBF induce. Just as the understanding of peptic ulcer disease and ensuing stomach cancer was transformed by the discovery of H. pylori, we hypothesize that ETBF, by secreting the potent B. fragilis toxin (BFT), precipitate procarcinogenic mucosal immune responses, thereby promoting formation of colon cancer. Our model does not propose to alter existing mutational paradigms of colon cancer but rather proposes that ETBF colonization is an integral mechanism accounting for the accumulation of genetic mutations necessary for colon carcinogenesis. This proposal will study the relationship between colon colonization by ETBF in humans, specific colon immune responses and, ultimately, colon cancer. Defining a microbial etiology for colon cancer has key implications as colon cancer is a major public health problem being the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States in women and men. A significant correlation between any two of the studied variables - ETBF colonization, colon immune responses and colon cancer -- will substantively alter current paradigms for the pathogenesis, prevention and therapy of colon cancer.

Public Health Relevance

Colon cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death for women and men. Current approaches to prevention of colon cancer are cumbersome and underutilized due to their expense and inconvenience. This project proposes that colon cancer is triggered by a common stool bacterium called enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) and will test whether detection of ETBF and/or the colon immune response to ETBF provide new, easier approaches to the prevention of the morbidity and mortality due to colon cancer.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01CA151393-04
Application #
8508195
Study Section
Epidemiology of Cancer Study Section (EPIC)
Program Officer
Starks, Vaurice
Project Start
2010-09-02
Project End
2015-07-31
Budget Start
2013-08-01
Budget End
2014-07-31
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2013
Total Cost
$487,000
Indirect Cost
$190,049
Name
Johns Hopkins University
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
001910777
City
Baltimore
State
MD
Country
United States
Zip Code
21218
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