Large-scale multiple testing has become ubiquitous in the search for disease and health risk markers using high-throughput technologies. While statistical methods for multiple testing often assume independence between the tests, many real situations exhibit dependence and an underlying structure. Examples of spatial structure are one-dimensional (1D) in the case of proteomic data; 2D in the case of environmental data; and 3D in the case of brain imaging data. Ignoring correlation in the analysis may lead to a different set and ordering of discovered features, resulting in increased error rates and potential missing of important features. There is a need to characterize the effect of correlation in multiple testing and incorporate it into the analysis. The goal of this proposal is to develop multiple testing methods that incorporate the correlation in the data in order to increase statistical power, control error rates and obtain appropriately interpretable results. This is done in two different ways. (1) In Aims 1 and 2, we assume a spatial structure and stationary ergodic correlation, where the signal of interest consists of a relatively small number of unimodal peaks. We use random field theory to compute p-values for testing the heights of local maxima of the observed data after smoothing. We develop these methods in complexity from 1D to 3D domains, and from peaks of equal width to peaks of unequal width. We then adapt and apply these methods to various types of data obtained from high-throughput technologies, specifically: mass- spectrometry data for identifying protein biomarkers of cancer; climate model output data for identification of geographical regions at risk for heat stress as a result of climate change; and brain imaging data for identification of anatomical regions involved in abnormal cognitive development. (2) In Aim 3, we assume a general correlation structure, not necessarily stationary or ergodic, and propose a conditional marginal analysis, where correlation is incorporated through conditioning on the observed marginal distribution of likely null cases. Although not exclusively, emphasis throughout is placed on false discovery rate inference. This proposal provides a unified view of signal detection for random fields that applies broadly to a large class of problems ranging from proteomics to medical imaging to environmental monitoring. From a statistical point of view, it provides a new answer to the problem of controlling FDR in random fields. By taking advantage of the dependence structure, the methods developed in this proposal offer higher statistical power in the search for markers, so that a smaller number of false markers will be tested in follow-up studies.

Public Health Relevance

This proposal provides a unified view of feature detection in high-throughput data that applies to a large class of problems ranging from cancer proteomics to medical imaging to environmental monitoring. By taking advantage of the dependence structure, the methods developed in this proposal offer higher statistical power in the search for markers, facilitating the discovery of new true markers and reducing the number of false markers to be tested in follow-up studies.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01CA157528-04
Application #
8633009
Study Section
Biostatistical Methods and Research Design Study Section (BMRD)
Program Officer
Zhu, Li
Project Start
2012-06-03
Project End
2016-01-31
Budget Start
2015-04-01
Budget End
2016-01-31
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
North Carolina State University Raleigh
Department
Biostatistics & Other Math Sci
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
042092122
City
Raleigh
State
NC
Country
United States
Zip Code
27695
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