Child secondhand smoke exposure (SHSe) is a significant, complex public health problem that is linked to cancer and cardiovascular disease risk factors, and many other health consequences including asthma, otitis, SIDS, and dental carries. With many regions adopting public smoking bans, reducing home-level smoking (homes and cars) has become the last bastion of intervention to protect children from SHSe. In addition, reducing SHSe in low-income, medically-underserved communities has become a public health priority due to the increased SHSe morbidity burden these populations bear. Given evidence that single-level approaches (e.g., home smoking bans brief provider advice) are insufficient to tackle the many facets of this multi- determined problem, this proposal will test a comprehensive, multilevel intervention in communities with the highest SHSe morbidity risks. The proposed intervention model integrates strategies across clinic, family, and community levels of service. While specific components are evidence-based, the proposed model is novel and consistent with the NIH roadmap to advance the science of behavior change by testing multilevel interventions. We propose to provide a clinic-level quality improvement (CQI) intervention based on Clinical Effort Against Secondhand Smoke Exposure (CEASE) to address child SHSe in 4 pediatric clinics in low-income Philadelphia communities. We will then randomize 466 eligible smoking parents visiting these clinics into a home-level behavioral counseling intervention (CQI+BC) based on Family Rules for Establishing Smoke-free Homes (FRESH), or a home-level attention control intervention (CQI+A). CQI+BC merges behavioral counseling (e.g., intensive skills training, support) where SHSe occurs (home/car) with navigation of community-level services to facilitate access to and effective use of no-cost nicotine withdrawal medications. Participants will complete assessments at pre-treatment, 3-month end of treatment, and 12-month follow-up. The primary aim is to test the hypothesis that relative to CQI+A, CQI+BC will result in greater reductions in child cotinine (SHSe biomarker) and reported cigarettes exposed/day. A secondary aim is to test the hypothesis that relative to CQI+A, CQI+BC will result in a higher cotinine-verified, 7-day point prevalence quit rate among parents. We also will test the hypothesis that social support, coping skills, and self-efficacy mediate effects of CQI+BC on smoking outcomes and explore whether other smokers at home, level of nicotine dependence, and depression/anxiety symptoms attenuate treatment effects. The proposed approach is likely to be more effective than existing, single-level approaches because the integrated intervention levels reinforce one another, potentially producing synergistic effects on outcomes. In addition to improving patient care, this model has high potential for dissemination and public health impact by reducing tobacco-related health and cost burdens in target populations that would benefit most from this approach. Findings from mediator and moderator aims will inform theory and future directions in this field by identifying how and for whom the intervention works.

Public Health Relevance

Children's secondhand smoke exposure (SHSe) is a significant, multi-determined public health problem that relates to numerous diseases consequences that are magnified among young children and the medically underserved. Because the failure to develop multilevel approaches to address this complex problem remains an obstacle to progress in this field, we propose an innovative multilevel model for addressing child SHSe by integrating a pediatric clinic-level intervention (improving services to smoking parents), a home-level behavioral counseling intervention (intensive skills training), and community-level systems navigation support (facilitating access and effective use of reimbursable cessation medication.) If shown to be efficacious, the proposed intervention represents a sustainable model for SHSe reduction among underserved populations in which existing community agencies have already expressed interest.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01CA158361-04
Application #
8819032
Study Section
Risk, Prevention and Intervention for Addictions Study Section (RPIA)
Program Officer
Hunt, Yvonne M
Project Start
2012-03-01
Project End
2017-02-28
Budget Start
2015-03-01
Budget End
2016-02-29
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
$461,035
Indirect Cost
$139,599
Name
Temple University
Department
Public Health & Prev Medicine
Type
Schools of Allied Health Profes
DUNS #
057123192
City
Philadelphia
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
19122
Collins, Bradley N; Lepore, Stephen J; Winickoff, Jonathan P et al. (2018) An Office-Initiated Multilevel Intervention for Tobacco Smoke Exposure: A Randomized Trial. Pediatrics 141:S75-S86
(2018) Collins BN, Lepore SJ, Winickoff JP, et al. An Office-Initiated Multilevel Intervention for Tobacco Smoke Exposure: A Randomized Trial. Pediatrics. 2018;141(Suppl 1):S75-S86. Pediatrics 141:
Lepore, Stephen J; Collins, Bradley N; Coffman, Donna L et al. (2018) Kids Safe and Smokefree (KiSS) Multilevel Intervention to Reduce Child Tobacco Smoke Exposure: Long-Term Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health 15:
Elias, Merrill F; Davey, Adam; Dore, Gregory A et al. (2014) Deterioration in renal function is associated with increased arterial stiffness. Am J Hypertens 27:207-14
Davey, Adam; Malmberg, Bo; Sundström, Gerdt (2014) Aging in Sweden: local variation, local control. Gerontologist 54:525-32
Crichton, Georgina E; Elias, Merrill F; Davey, Adam et al. (2014) Cardiovascular health: a cross-national comparison between the Maine Syracuse Study (Central New York, USA) and ORISCAV-LUX (Luxembourg). BMC Public Health 14:253
Lepore, Stephen J; Winickoff, Jonathan P; Moughan, Beth et al. (2013) Kids Safe and Smokefree (KiSS): a randomized controlled trial of a multilevel intervention to reduce secondhand tobacco smoke exposure in children. BMC Public Health 13:792
Taghavi, Sharven; Jayarajan, Senthil N; Powers, Benjamin D et al. (2013) Examining rectal carcinoids in the era of screening colonoscopy: a surveillance, epidemiology, and end results analysis. Dis Colon Rectum 56:952-9
Davey, Adam; Elias, Merrill F; Robbins, Michael A et al. (2013) Decline in renal functioning is associated with longitudinal decline in global cognitive functioning, abstract reasoning and verbal memory. Nephrol Dial Transplant 28:1810-9
Davey, Adam; Dai, Ting; Woodard, John L et al. (2013) Profiles of cognitive functioning in a population-based sample of centenarians using factor mixture analysis. Exp Aging Res 39:125-44

Showing the most recent 10 out of 11 publications