We propose to extend the Northwestern Juvenile Project to examine the dynamic relationships among patterns of drug use and disorder, risk and protective factors for drug use and disorder, and adult social role performance as juvenile justice youth age from adolescence to emerging adulthood and young adulthood. This study responds to NIDA's new initiatives on drug abuse, health disparities, and disproportionate minority confinement of African Americans. At year-end 2004, nearly 100,000 juveniles and nearly 2.1 million adults were incarcerated. African Americans comprise 12% of the US population but 40% of incarcerated populations. We are studying a racially/ethnically diverse sample (n=1709;624 females, 1085 males) in Cook County (Chicago) Illinois, aged 10-18 years at recruitment (1995-1998). Youth are reinterviewed whether they are (re)incarcerated or back in the community. Our goal is to focus on gender differences, racial/ethnic disparities, and the effect of incarceration as we: (1) describe patterns of drug use and disorder --onset, persistence, desistence, andrecurrence - asjuvenile justice youth agefrom adolescence to emerging and young adulthood;(2) examine how risk and protective factors (e.g., comorbid mental disorders, adverse life events, availability of illicit drugs) predict, moderate, and mediate patterns of drug use and disorders;and (3) examine the dynamic relationships between patterns of drug use and disorder and adult social role performance (e.g., residential independence [including avoiding incarceration], employment, marriage, parenting, desistance from crime and violence). To analyze the longitudinal data, we will use summary statistics (e.g., prevalence rates, odds ratios), generalized linear mixed-effects models, survival analyses, and Muthen's recently developed extensions of growth mixture models. Extending the Northwestern Juvenile Project allows us to leverage the data already collected to examine the role of incarceration in the development of drug use and disorder, especially among African Americans;to identify risk and protective factors that are potentially malleable;to identify points of intervention at key developmental periods;and to extend theoretical models ?developed in general population adolescents -- to correctional populations.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
3R01DA019380-08S1
Application #
7881883
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-RPHB-H (90))
Program Officer
Deeds, Bethany
Project Start
1998-09-30
Project End
2012-08-31
Budget Start
2009-09-01
Budget End
2010-08-31
Support Year
8
Fiscal Year
2009
Total Cost
$37,264
Indirect Cost
Name
Northwestern University at Chicago
Department
Psychiatry
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
005436803
City
Chicago
State
IL
Country
United States
Zip Code
60611
Welty, Leah J; Hershfield, Jennifer A; Abram, Karen M et al. (2017) Trajectories of Substance Use Disorder in Youth After Detention: A 12-Year Longitudinal Study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 56:140-148
Abram, Karen M; Stokes, Marquita L; Welty, Leah J et al. (2017) Disparities in HIV/AIDS Risk Behaviors After Youth Leave Detention: A 14-Year Longitudinal Study. Pediatrics 139:
Abram, Karen M; Azores-Gococo, Nicole M; Emanuel, Kristin M et al. (2017) Sex and Racial/Ethnic Differences in Positive Outcomes in Delinquent Youth After Detention: A 12-Year Longitudinal Study. JAMA Pediatr 171:123-132
Welty, Leah J; Harrison, Anna J; Abram, Karen M et al. (2016) Health Disparities in Drug- and Alcohol-Use Disorders: A 12-Year Longitudinal Study of Youths After Detention. Am J Public Health 106:872-80
Elkington, Katherine S; Teplin, Linda A; Abram, Karen M et al. (2015) Psychiatric disorders and violence: a study of delinquent youth after detention. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 54:302-12.e5
Harnisher, Julie Laken; Abram, Karen; Washburn, Jason et al. (2015) Loss Due to Death and its Association with Mental Disorders in Juvenile Detainees. Juv Fam Court J 66:1-18
Abram, Karen M; Zwecker, Naomi A; Welty, Leah J et al. (2015) Comorbidity and continuity of psychiatric disorders in youth after detention: a prospective longitudinal study. JAMA Psychiatry 72:84-93
Teplin, Linda A; Jakubowski, Jessica A; Abram, Karen M et al. (2014) Firearm homicide and other causes of death in delinquents: a 16-year prospective study. Pediatrics 134:63-73
Lansing, Amy E; Washburn, Jason J; Abram, Karen M et al. (2014) Cognitive and academic functioning of juvenile detainees: implications for correctional populations and public health. J Correct Health Care 20:18-30
Teplin, Linda A; Welty, Leah J; Abram, Karen M et al. (2012) Prevalence and persistence of psychiatric disorders in youth after detention: a prospective longitudinal study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 69:1031-43

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