The number of HIV+ adults over age 50 is increasing steadily, and the CDC has estimated that by 2015 almost half of those living with HIV/AIDS will be age 50 or older. In spite of these rising rates, there are no published interventions targeting alcohol and/or substance use or medication adherence among older adults with HIV. This proposal is designed to test an adaptation of a proven intervention for HIV+ adults and tailor it to meet the unique needs of HIV+ older adults with alcohol and/or drug dependence. Specifically, this project will conduct an RCT to evaluate the efficacy of a 12-session intervention, Spiritual Self-Schema Therapy (3S+), compared to a 12-session education-based attentional control condition (ED), in improving HIV health outcomes, and reducing alcohol/drug use among alcohol and/or substance dependent HIV+ older adults. This project would be the first to extend a proven intervention tailored to meet the unique needs of this critical population. The proposed treatment, 3S+ therapy, is a fully manuallized and proven effective intervention which combines elements of cognitive therapy with non-sectarian Buddhist principles. We propose to extend 3S+ to a previously untested population: alcohol or drug dependent HIV+ older adults. The proposed intervention will target HIV+ older adults (age 50 and older, n = 240) with drug and/or alcohol dependence in New York City who report suboptimal HIV self care (less than 90% adherence to their HIV medication regimens). The treatment condition will receive 12 sessions of 3S+ therapy tailored to the specific needs of older HIV+ adults, while the education (comparison) condition will receive 12 sessions of education surrounding HIV medication adherence, drug and alcohol use, and sexual risk-taking. Utilizing several measures of drug and alcohol use (both self reported and biological measures) and HIV health (self reported medication adherence, HIV self care, and biological measures of HIV health), this study will test the efficacy of the intervention at 4, 8, and 12 months post-randomization to determine both immediate and long-lasting effects of the intervention. The significance and impact of this project is threefold: 1) the integration of spirituality into addiction treatment has shown great promise for HIV+ adults and older adults, 2) in addition to targeting addiction, the proposed intervention addresses multiple risk factors that impact HIV health, such as medication adherence, HIV self care, and sexual risk behavior;and 3) this treatment can be readily disseminated and integrated into existing HIV clinics and other community-based organizations offering programs addressing the needs of HIV+ older adults with drug and/or alcohol problems. Broadly, this intervention could help to reduce drug and alcohol abuse and increase HIV health and well-being among HIV+ older adults. If effective, the intervention will help minimize the negative physical and psychological effects associated with drug and alcohol use and improve HIV health and self care, which has potential effects for survival and health as well as reducing HIV transmission and HIV drug resistance.

Public Health Relevance

The findings of this study will contribute to improved HIV treatment of a growing population: older HIV+ adults who are dependent on alcohol and/or drugs. The findings of this study will inform HIV preventions, interventions, and treatments designed to decrease alcohol and drug use and abuse, and increase HIV self care and overall health and wellbeing among those aged 50 and older.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
1R01DA029567-01A1
Application #
8025369
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-AARR-F (05))
Program Officer
Kahana, Shoshana Y
Project Start
2010-07-01
Project End
2015-06-30
Budget Start
2010-07-01
Budget End
2011-06-30
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2010
Total Cost
$633,937
Indirect Cost
Name
Hunter College
Department
Psychology
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
620127915
City
New York
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
10065
Millar, Brett M; Starks, Tyrel J; Gurung, Sitaji et al. (2017) The Impact of Comorbidities, Depression, and Substance Use Problems on Quality of Life Among Older Adults Living With HIV. AIDS Behav 21:1684-1690
Grov, Christian; Rendina, H Jonathon; Parsons, Jeffrey T (2016) How Different are Men Who Do Not Know Their HIV Status from Those Who Do? Results from an U.S. Online Study of Gay and Bisexual Men. AIDS Behav 20:1989-99
Grov, Christian; Rendina, H Jonathon; Jimenez, Ruben et al. (2016) Using Online Settings to Identify Gay and Bisexual Men Willing to Take or With Experience Taking PrEP: Implications for Researchers and Providers. AIDS Educ Prev 28:378-392
Starks, Tyrel J; Millar, Brett M; Parsons, Jeffrey T (2015) Predictors of condom use with main and casual partners among HIV-positive men over 50. Health Psychol 34:1116-22
Parsons, Jeffrey T; Starks, Tyrel J; Millar, Brett M et al. (2014) Patterns of substance use among HIV-positive adults over 50: implications for treatment and medication adherence. Drug Alcohol Depend 139:33-40
Grov, Christian; Rendina, H Jonathon; Breslow, Aaron S et al. (2014) Characteristics of men who have sex with men (MSM) who attend sex parties: results from a national online sample in the USA. Sex Transm Infect 90:26-32
Mustanski, Brian; Rendina, H Jonathon; Greene, George J et al. (2014) Testing negative means I'm lucky, making good choices, or immune: diverse reactions to HIV test results are associated with risk behaviors. Ann Behav Med 48:371-83
Rendina, H Jonathon; Breslow, Aaron S; Grov, Christian et al. (2014) Interest in couples-based voluntary HIV counseling and testing in a national U.S. sample of gay and bisexual men: the role of demographic and HIV risk factors. Arch Sex Behav 43:149-59
Rendina, H Jonathon; Jimenez, Ruben H; Grov, Christian et al. (2014) Patterns of lifetime and recent HIV testing among men who have sex with men in New York City who use Grindr. AIDS Behav 18:41-9
Grov, Christian; Rendina, H Jonathon; Ventuneac, Ana et al. (2013) HIV risk in group sexual encounters: an event-level analysis from a national online survey of MSM in the U.S. J Sex Med 10:2285-94