Cannabis dependence (CD) is a worldwide public health problem. Treatments are of limited efficacy;one reason may be a failure to address the symptoms of withdrawal, such as craving and disturbances in affect and sleep, that may motivate resumed marijuana (MJ) use. In addition, heavy MJ use and withdrawal can impair executive functioning and thereby interfere with participation in cognitive therapies. The primary aim of this Phase II, single-site, 8-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial is to evaluate the efficacy of a novel neurokinin1 (NK1) receptor antagonist, vofopitant (5mg/day), for treating CD in 100 outpatients with current CD. The theoretical rationale for the anti-stress NK1 system as a novel target in CD is based on the neurobiology of abstinence in addiction which involves dysregulation in brain stress and reward systems, i.e., activation of brain stress systems in the amygdala, which vofopitant is hypothesized to normalize. In our Preliminary Studies we show vofopitant significantly decreased precipitated withdrawal symptoms in THC-dependent rats and provide positive results from a proof-of-principle controlled trial of gabapentin (also hypothesized to normalize brain stress circuitry) that found significantly reduced MJ use and withdrawal symptoms, including craving, mood and sleep, and improved executive functioning relative to placebo in 50 CD subjects. The primary hypotheses under test are that vofopitant will significantly improve symptoms of cannabis withdrawal, specifically craving, anxiety, mood and sleep, and reduce MJ use and MJ-related dysregulation of executive functioning and fMRI BOLD response to MJ cues and emotional cues significantly more than placebo in CD outpatients. We will apply the best innovative technology for evaluating the effect of vofopitant treatment on MJ use through a collaboration with Dr. Marilyn Huestis (NIDA/IRP), who will provide analysis of CN-THCOOH concentrations in subjects'weekly observed urine specimens, applying new detection models to identify new MJ use. A further novel aspect of the proposal is the evaluation of executive functioning in the context of a treatment protocol. Potential relationships between MJ use, MJ withdrawal and cognitive functioning will be examined statistically. A further aim of this project is to identify CD individuals most likely to benefit from vofopitant and to measure effects of vofopitant on these factors relative to placebo, thereby clarifying the mechanisms through which NK1 antagonists have efficacy in CD. Potential baseline predictors are: a.) Substance P, ACTH, cortisol and NE, b.) subjective measures of anxiety, mood, insomnia, craving and stress;c.) executive functioning;and d.) fMRI BOLD response to MJ cues, emotional cues and capacity for inhibition in the context of an Affective Go-No-Go task, and functional connectivity during resting state. Given the prevalence of CD and the lack of effective pharmacotherapies, the development of vofopitant as a novel medication for CD may have major public health benefits.

Public Health Relevance

Cannabis is the most widely used illicit drug in the US and there are no FDA-approved treatments for cannabis dependence (CD). The purpose of this application is to conduct a Phase II clinical trial to assess the efficacy of a novel NK1 antagonist, vofopitant, as a new treatment for CD. The development of vofopitant as a novel medication for CD may have major public health benefits and is highly significant for the mission of NIDA.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
1R01DA030988-01
Application #
8069123
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZDA1-JXR-D (09))
Program Officer
Hampson, Aidan
Project Start
2010-09-30
Project End
2015-07-31
Budget Start
2010-09-30
Budget End
2011-07-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2010
Total Cost
$612,325
Indirect Cost
Name
Scripps Research Institute
Department
Type
DUNS #
781613492
City
La Jolla
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
92037