Neurophysiological, morphological, and behavioral studies are planned to learn how developing peripheral and central nervous system taste neurons are influenced by early environmental factors. Neurophysiological taste responses from single chorda tympani nerve fibers will be recorded in rats fed a NaCl-deficient diet during early development. The period of deprivation will extend from 3 days gestation to prepubertal ages or to adulthood. Therefore, the effects of the deprivation period on functional responses will be examined. Moreover, the """"""""plasticity"""""""" of the gustatory system will be studied by recording taste responses from rats initially deprived of dietary NaCl to prepubertal ages or to adulthood and then fed a NaCl-replete diet for 1 or 20 days. As a correlate to these neurophysiological experiments, the arborization patteRN of single chorda tympani fibers will be examined morphologically in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NST), the first central gustatory relay. In addition to these proposed studies, another series of experiments are planned to determine the critical period for central gustatory development. Specifically, studies are proposed to determine the developmental period when the NaCl-deficient diet alters neurophysiological taste responses in the NST, the terminal field organization of the chorda tympani nerve in the NST, and taste-guided behaviors. The proposed studies will provide new information on: 1) how response characteristics of single taste neurons are affected by prolonged periods of NaCl deprivation, 2) the extent to which neurophysiological taste responses in rats initially deprived of dietary NaCI appear to be normal after they are then fed a NaCl-replete diet, 3) how the arborization and projection patterns of single neurons are affected by early NaCl deprivation, 4) what the developmental endpoints are for the critical period in which early NaCl deprivation affects central gustatory system function and structure and affects taste guided behaviors, and 5) how the neurophysiological, morphological and behavioral critical periods relate to each other. The findings will provide new information on the development of peripheral and central nervous system taste responses, the neuroanatomical organization of the developing gustatory system, and on taste-guided behaviors that relate to the development of taste preferences and aversions and to the development of ingestive behaviors.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
2R01DC000407-06
Application #
3216813
Study Section
Sensory Disorders and Language Study Section (CMS)
Project Start
1986-08-01
Project End
1995-07-31
Budget Start
1991-08-01
Budget End
1992-07-31
Support Year
6
Fiscal Year
1991
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Virginia
Department
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
001910777
City
Charlottesville
State
VA
Country
United States
Zip Code
22904
Collins, L N; Hill, D L; Brunjes, P C (2018) Myelination of the developing lateral olfactory tract and anterior commissure. J Comp Neurol 526:1843-1858
Sun, Chengsan; Krimm, Robin; Hill, David L (2018) Maintenance of Mouse Gustatory Terminal Field Organization is Dependent on BDNF at Adulthood. J Neurosci :
Sun, Chengsan; Hummler, Edith; Hill, David L (2017) Selective Deletion of Sodium Salt Taste during Development Leads to Expanded Terminal Fields of Gustatory Nerves in the Adult Mouse Nucleus of the Solitary Tract. J Neurosci 37:660-672
Skyberg, Rolf; Sun, Chengsan; Hill, David L (2017) Maintenance of Mouse Gustatory Terminal Field Organization Is Disrupted following Selective Removal of Peripheral Sodium Salt Taste Activity at Adulthood. J Neurosci 37:7619-7630
Dvoryanchikov, Gennady; Hernandez, Damian; Roebber, Jennifer K et al. (2017) Transcriptomes and neurotransmitter profiles of classes of gustatory and somatosensory neurons in the geniculate ganglion. Nat Commun 8:760
Meng, Lingbin; Huang, Tao; Sun, Chengsan et al. (2017) BDNF is required for taste axon regeneration following unilateral chorda tympani nerve section. Exp Neurol 293:27-42
Meng, Lingbin; Ohman-Gault, Lisa; Ma, Liqun et al. (2015) Taste Bud-Derived BDNF Is Required to Maintain Normal Amounts of Innervation to Adult Taste Buds. eNeuro 2:
Sun, Chengsan; Dayal, Arjun; Hill, David L (2015) Expanded terminal fields of gustatory nerves accompany embryonic BDNF overexpression in mouse oral epithelia. J Neurosci 35:409-21
Graham, Dustin M; Sun, Chengsan; Hill, David L (2014) Temporal signatures of taste quality driven by active sensing. J Neurosci 34:7398-411
Wang, Siting; Corson, James; Hill, David et al. (2012) Postnatal development of chorda tympani axons in the rat nucleus of the solitary tract. J Comp Neurol 520:3217-35

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