Taste is a critical sensory system for sorting the rich array of potential foods in the environment into beneficial nutrient categories to be ingested, items not needed, and toxins to be avoided. There is an extensive research literature from a variety of species focused on gaining an understanding on how taste is capable of accomplishing this amazing feat for the health and welfare of the organism. There is a growing body of evidence that suggests that the gustatory system may be divisible into a small number of sub-modalities (e.g., sweet for carbohydrate, etc.), although the exact number awaits additional investigation. Further, a unique set of receptor mechanisms and group of neurons that are responsible for transmitting the information to the brain may serve each sub-modality. Our overall goal is to use extracellular single-cell recording techniques to define the number of sub modalities in the gustatory system and characterize their receptor and neural response properties. We have recently developed a new preparation for stable long-term recording of taste neuron responses. Our proposed recording studies will be from the geniculate ganglion of the facial nerve. Within the ganglion are the unipolar cell bodies of neurons that innervate the taste receptors on the tongue and palate. We propose to characterize the chemical and thermal sensitivity of the rat geniculate ganglion to lingual and palatal stimulation, and to examine the effects of specific pharmacological antagonists on taste transduction mechanisms. The rat will be studied because the vast background of neural and behavioral research comes largely from rats, it is an excellent model of human ingestion, and we have extensive experience with this species.
The specific aims of this proposal are: (1) to characterize the responses of salt-sensitive and sweetsensitive neurons to a broad array of stimuli across several stimulus concentrations; (2) to examine the effects of specific pharmacological antagonists on salt and sweet transduction mechanisms; (3) to characterize the responses of various neuron groups to thermal stimulation and to assess taste-thermal interaction; and (4) to determine whether fat and protein can be included into primary taste traditionally restricted to sweet, salt, sour, and bitter.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DC004785-03
Application #
6634534
Study Section
Integrative, Functional and Cognitive Neuroscience 8 (IFCN)
Program Officer
Davis, Barry
Project Start
2001-04-01
Project End
2006-03-31
Budget Start
2003-04-01
Budget End
2004-03-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2003
Total Cost
$199,290
Indirect Cost
Name
Florida State University
Department
Psychology
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
790877419
City
Tallahassee
State
FL
Country
United States
Zip Code
32306
Torregrossa, Ann-Marie; Nikonova, Larissa; Bales, Michelle B et al. (2014) Induction of salivary proteins modifies measures of both orosensory and postingestive feedback during exposure to a tannic acid diet. PLoS One 9:e105232
Smith, Kimberly R; Treesukosol, Yada; Paedae, A Brennan et al. (2012) Contribution of the TRPV1 channel to salt taste quality in mice as assessed by conditioned taste aversion generalization and chorda tympani nerve responses. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 303:R1195-205
Breza, Joseph M; Contreras, Robert J (2012) Acetic acid modulates spike rate and spike latency to salt in peripheral gustatory neurons of rats. J Neurophysiol 108:2405-18
Breza, Joseph M; Contreras, Robert J (2012) Anion size modulates salt taste in rats. J Neurophysiol 107:1632-48
Lu, Bo; Breza, Joseph M; Nikonov, Alexandre A et al. (2012) Leptin increases temperature-dependent chorda tympani nerve responses to sucrose in mice. Physiol Behav 107:533-9
Torregrossa, Ann-Marie; Bales, Michelle B; Breza, Joseph M et al. (2012) Water restriction and fluid temperature alter preference for water and sucrose solutions. Chem Senses 37:279-92
Breza, Joseph M; Nikonov, Alexandre A; Contreras, Robert J (2010) Response latency to lingual taste stimulation distinguishes neuron types within the geniculate ganglion. J Neurophysiol 103:1771-84
Stratford, Jennifer M; Contreras, Robert J (2009) Saliva and other taste stimuli are important for gustatory processing of linoleic acid. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 297:R1162-70
Frank, Marion E; Lundy Jr, Robert F; Contreras, Robert J (2008) Cracking taste codes by tapping into sensory neuron impulse traffic. Prog Neurobiol 86:245-63
Stratford, Jennifer M; Curtis, Kathleen S; Contreras, Robert J (2008) Linoleic acid increases chorda tympani nerve responses to and behavioral preferences for monosodium glutamate by male and female rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 295:R764-72

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