Inflammation is a beneficial host response to foreign challenges or tissue injury that leads ultimately to the restoration of tissue structure and function. Leukocyte migration to sites of injury or infection is a defining step of inflammatory responses. In the mammalian cochlea, however, leukocyte migration into the auditory organ must be prevented as it may abolish the endocochlear potential by disrupting the tight-junction barrier at the organ of Corti luminal border (anatomically defined as the reticular lamina), leading to apoptosis of sensorimotor outer hair cells and irreversible, profound deafness. Thus, leukocytes are never found in the organ of Corti except in cases of extreme, irreversible cochlear damage. The mechanism used by the cochlea to prevent leukocyte migration is still unknown. The current gold standard clinical strategy to protect the organ of Corti against inflammatory damage is the local delivery of glucocorticoids. However, the mechanism by which glucocorticoids confer this protection is also unknown. The goal of this proposal is to fill these gaps in our knowledge, a crucial step in our quest to understand the regulation of inflammatory responses in the mammalian cochlea. Our preliminary studies provide strong support to the following hypotheses: 1) Annexin A1 (ANXA1), a pivotal regulator of many aspects of the innate and adaptive immune systems, have a major role in preventing leukocyte migration into the OC and facilitating the resolution phase of the inflammatory response;2) glucocorticoids stimulate guinea pig Hensen cells to release ANXA1 via a myosin IIC-driven mechanism;and 3) Hensen cells store ANXA1 inside the prominent lipid droplets filling their cytoplasm. Thus, we propose to use the guinea pig as an in vivo model, an auditory cell line as an in vitro model, and a combination of non-overlapping techniques and methodological approaches to test these hypotheses by addressing the following Specific Aims: 1) Demonstrate that ANXA1 released by Hensen cells prevents leukocyte migration, 2) Elucidate the mechanism/s involved in the intracellular transport and release of ANXA1, and 3) Identify and characterize the mechanism/s involved in the storage and release of ANXA1 by Hensen cell lipid droplets.

Public Health Relevance

Inflammatory responses in the cochlea, triggered by virus, noise, or ototoxic agents, can result in mild to profound hearing loss. The current gold standard clinical strategy to protect the auditory organ against inflammatory damage is the local delivery of glucocorticoids. However, the mechanism by which glucocorticoids confer this protection is still unknown. We are confident that by accomplishing the aims of the present proposal we will be able to provide critical insights about the mechanisms associated with inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses in the cochlea, as well as identify new molecular targets for prevention and treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DC010397-02
Application #
7993088
Study Section
Auditory System Study Section (AUD)
Program Officer
Watson, Bracie
Project Start
2009-12-01
Project End
2014-11-30
Budget Start
2010-12-01
Budget End
2011-11-30
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$374,168
Indirect Cost
Name
House Research Institute
Department
Type
DUNS #
062076989
City
Los Angeles
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
90057
Kalinec, Gilda M; Park, Channy; Thein, Pru et al. (2016) Working with Auditory HEI-OC1 Cells. J Vis Exp :
Kalinec, Gilda; Thein, Pru; Park, Channy et al. (2016) HEI-OC1 cells as a model for investigating drug cytotoxicity. Hear Res 335:105-117
Park, Channy; Thein, Pru; Kalinec, Gilda et al. (2016) HEI-OC1 cells as a model for investigating prestin function. Hear Res 335:9-17
Urrutia, Raul A; Kalinec, Federico (2015) Biology and pathobiology of lipid droplets and their potential role in the protection of the organ of Corti. Hear Res 330:26-38
Park, Channy; Kalinec, Federico (2015) PKC?-Mediated Signals Regulate the Motile Responses of Cochlear Outer Hair Cells. Biophys J 108:2171-80
Kalinec, Gilda M; Thein, Pru; Parsa, Arya et al. (2014) Acetaminophen and NAPQI are toxic to auditory cells via oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress-dependent pathways. Hear Res 313:26-37
Thein, Pru; Kalinec, Gilda M; Park, Channy et al. (2014) In vitro assessment of antiretroviral drugs demonstrates potential for ototoxicity. Hear Res 310:27-35
Kil, Sung-Hee; Kalinec, Federico (2013) Expression and dexamethasone-induced nuclear translocation of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors in guinea pig cochlear cells. Hear Res 299:63-78
Parsa, Arya; Webster, Paul; Kalinec, Federico (2012) Deiters cells tread a narrow path--the Deiters cells-basilar membrane junction. Hear Res 290:13-20
Kitani, Rei; Kalinec, Federico (2011) Investigating outer hair cell motility with a combination of external alternating electrical field stimulation and high-speed image analysis. J Vis Exp :

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