All sensory circuits, including the olfactory system, ascend from the sensory periphery to higher brain areas where stimuli are represented in sparse, stimulus-specific activity patterns. This sparse format is useful for accurate memory formation and retrieval. However, these specific signals must converge at some downstream site, given the limited numbers of motor neurons that represent the ultimate output of the circuit. We know very little about sensory processing downstream of sparse representations, on the converging side of neural networks. The Drosophila mushroom body (MB) has been an important model system for studying sparse representations in the olfactory system. New genetic labeling tools have revealed that the 2000 Kenyon cells (KCs) of the MB converge down onto a total of only 35 MB Output Neurons (MBONs). We will use these new tools to target MBONs for both electrophysiological recordings and calcium imaging, to examine nearly the entire layer of the network where the transition from sensory to motor begins. Using imaging to get a population-level view of activity patterns, we will determine how odor representations are reformatted as the circuit transitions from KCs to MBONs. Many of the MBONs are uniquely identifiable using these genetic labels. This enables us to compare their response properties of the same neuron across flies that have had different types of olfactory experience, to examine how plasticity shapes odor representations at this layer. Additionally, the neuromodulator dopamine is thought to play an important role in signal transmission across the KC-MBON synapse. By optogenetically controlling these specific dopaminergic inputs, we can examine how this neuromodulator regulates the flow of olfactory information across this layer of the circuit. Insights from this work will provide an important conceptual framework to understand how sensory perception is turned into action, and potentially contribute to our understanding of how sensory-motor coupling is impaired in disease states such as Parkinson's.

Public Health Relevance

The brain takes sensory input from the environment and transforms behavioral output. We will examine how this happens in a flexible, olfactory system of a simple model organism, Drosophila. These conceptual basis for understanding sensory-to-motor transformations, perturbed in disease states such as Parkinson's. It into an appropriate plastic way using the results will provide a and how they can be

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
2R01DC010403-06
Application #
8888697
Study Section
Somatosensory and Chemosensory Systems Study Section (SCS)
Program Officer
Sullivan, Susan L
Project Start
2009-12-01
Project End
2017-06-30
Budget Start
2015-07-01
Budget End
2016-06-30
Support Year
6
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Department
Type
DUNS #
065968786
City
Cold Spring Harbor
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
11724
Vogt, Katrin; Aso, Yoshinori; Hige, Toshihide et al. (2016) Direct neural pathways convey distinct visual information to Drosophila mushroom bodies. Elife 5:
Hige, Toshihide; Aso, Yoshinori; Modi, Mehrab N et al. (2015) Heterosynaptic Plasticity Underlies Aversive Olfactory Learning in Drosophila. Neuron 88:985-998
Hige, Toshihide; Aso, Yoshinori; Rubin, Gerald M et al. (2015) Plasticity-driven individualization of olfactory coding in mushroom body output neurons. Nature 526:258-62
Campbell, Robert A A; Eifert, Robert W; Turner, Glenn C (2014) OpenStage: a low-cost motorized microscope stage with sub-micron positioning accuracy. PLoS One 9:e88977
Gruntman, Eyal; Turner, Glenn C (2013) Integration of the olfactory code across dendritic claws of single mushroom body neurons. Nat Neurosci 16:1821-9
Campbell, Robert A A; Honegger, Kyle S; Qin, Hongtao et al. (2013) Imaging a population code for odor identity in the Drosophila mushroom body. J Neurosci 33:10568-81
Wu, Chia-Lin; Shih, Meng-Fu Maxwell; Lai, Jason Sih-Yu et al. (2011) Heterotypic gap junctions between two neurons in the drosophila brain are critical for memory. Curr Biol 21:848-54
Honegger, Kyle S; Campbell, Robert A A; Turner, Glenn C (2011) Cellular-resolution population imaging reveals robust sparse coding in the Drosophila mushroom body. J Neurosci 31:11772-85