Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has infected over 30 million individuals worldwide. Left untreated, over 50% of these individuals will incur an oral manifestation associated with HIV. Currently, the most common oral manifestations of HIV disease are oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) and oral warts. In addition, HPV-associated head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are increased in HIV+ individuals and have not seen a reduction in prevalence with the advent of anti-retroviral therapy (ART). The factors which determine an HIV+ individual's predisposition to OPC, HPV and other oral manifestations are poorly understood as well as how treatments for HIV influence the oral cavity and/or infections/diseases. A realistic description of the composition and diversity of the oral microflora (microbiome) is essential to understanding health and disease in the oral cavity. However, how the oral microbiome is impacted by HIV has not been described, but based on preliminary data, is expected to be significant. Moreover, ART used to treat HIV also likely impacts/alters the oral microbiome. We will use PCR-amplification of 16S rRNA genes and massive parallel sequencing to test the hypothesis that both HIV infection and ART alter the composition and diversity of bacterial species in the oral cavity and such composition can be associated with risk of oral manifestations such as HIV-associated OPC and ART-associated oral warts and HNSCC.

Public Health Relevance

The normal oral microbiota plays a critical role in preventing diseases by opportunistic pathogens. This proposal will describe changes in composition or the oral microbiota by HIV and antiretroviral therapies and that which are predictive of HIV-associated candidiasis, oral warts and head/neck cancer. The long term goal is to develop therapies that manipulate the oral microbiota to promote oral health.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research (NIDCR)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DE022815-03
Application #
8906838
Study Section
AIDS-associated Opportunistic Infections and Cancer Study Section (AOIC)
Program Officer
Gannot, Gallya
Project Start
2013-09-21
Project End
2016-08-31
Budget Start
2015-09-01
Budget End
2016-08-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Louisiana State Univ Hsc New Orleans
Department
Dentistry
Type
Schools of Dentistry/Oral Hygn
DUNS #
782627814
City
New Orleans
State
LA
Country
United States
Zip Code
70112