Diabetics slowly fall prey to a variety of serious, even lethal health complications which are apparently unrelated to insulin levels but have been clearly associated with hyperglycemia. We have studied the chemical molecular and cellular mechanisms which underly these diabetic sequelae for the past twenty years, and developed the central hypothesis that diabetic complications are caused in part by the covalent addition of reducing sugars, particularly glucose, to proteins by non-enzymatic reactions. Non- enzymatic glycation begins with the Amadori rearrangement of sugar-protein condensation products, and proceeds through a complex series of chemical rearrangements to generate a wide variety of Advanced Glycosylation Endproducts (AGEs) which are, as a class, permanent, fluorescent, cross- linking adducts that accumulate on cells, soluble proteins and tissue components exposed to glucose either in vitro or in vivo. Despite our prior success in identifying several AGE-related entities, the chemistry and structure of AGE adducts are known at only a rudimentary level. We now propose to extend certain novel approaches we have applied to this structural work, emphasizing the use of specially synthesized starting materials and AGE-trapping reagents to further elucidate the chemistry of AGEs. We believe, and are now demonstrating, that these chemical insights will lead to therapeutic innovations against diabetic complications. We also propose new experimental approaches to better understand the mechanism of action of one such potential therapeutic agent, aminoguanidine, discovered under the support of our last grant. Another long-standing priority has been to develop quantitative assay systems for AGEs on plasma or tissue components. We propose to refine our current assay technologies for AGEs in biological samples, primarily by developing an AGE receptor-based solid-phase competitive assay capitalizing on our recent success with a competitive whole-cell assay based on the same receptor.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DK019655-18
Application #
2137359
Study Section
Physiological Chemistry Study Section (PC)
Project Start
1977-04-01
Project End
1997-08-31
Budget Start
1995-09-01
Budget End
1996-08-31
Support Year
18
Fiscal Year
1995
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Picower Institute for Medical Research
Department
Type
DUNS #
City
Manhasset
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
11030
Al-Abed, Y; Bucala, R (2000) Structure of a synthetic glucose derived advanced glycation end product that is immunologically cross-reactive with its naturally occurring counterparts. Bioconjug Chem 11:39-45
Al-Abed, Y; Mitsuhashi, T; Li, H et al. (1999) Inhibition of advanced glycation endproduct formation by acetaldehyde: role in the cardioprotective effect of ethanol. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96:2385-90
Fishbane, S; Bucala, R; Pereira, B J et al. (1997) Reduction of plasma apolipoprotein-B by effective removal of circulating glycation derivatives in uremia. Kidney Int 52:1645-50
Al-Abed, Y; Bucala, R (1997) Efficient scavenging of fatty acid oxidation products by aminoguanidine. Chem Res Toxicol 10:875-9
Pushkarsky, T; Rourke, L; Spiegel, L A et al. (1997) Molecular characterization of a mouse genomic element mobilized by advanced glycation endproduct modified-DNA (AGE-DNA). Mol Med 3:740-9
Wolffenbuttel, B H; Giordano, D; Founds, H W et al. (1996) Long-term assessment of glucose control by haemoglobin-AGE measurement. Lancet 347:513-5
Al-Abed, Y; Liebich, H; Voelter, W et al. (1996) Hydroxyalkenal formation induced by advanced glycosylation of low density lipoprotein. J Biol Chem 271:2892-6
Bucala, R; Vlassara, H (1995) Advanced glycosylation end products in diabetic renal and vascular disease. Am J Kidney Dis 26:875-88
Zimmerman, G A; Meistrell 3rd, M; Bloom, O et al. (1995) Neurotoxicity of advanced glycation endproducts during focal stroke and neuroprotective effects of aminoguanidine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92:3744-8
Bucala, R; Mitchell, R; Arnold, K et al. (1995) Identification of the major site of apolipoprotein B modification by advanced glycosylation end products blocking uptake by the low density lipoprotein receptor. J Biol Chem 270:10828-32

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