This is a competing renewal application proposing ancillary studies to the NIDDK-Childhood Liver Disease Research and Education Network (ChiLDREN). Biliary atresia, the most common cause of neonatal cholestasis, results from a fibro-inflammatory obstruction of extrahepatic bile ducts. Despite nearly uniform progression to end-stage cirrhosis, the variable response to surgical/medical treatment and rate of progression of disease suggest the existence of unrecognized biological processes that are driving different phenotypes or stages of disease. In the first tenure of the award, we found evidence for dendritic and natural killer cells in pathogenic mechanisms of disease, identified a role for the ADD3 gene in susceptibility of disease, and generated a gene expression signature of inflammatory and fibrotic stages of liver disease at presentation, which have relationship to clinical outcome even when these stages are not present using standard histological criteria. In discovery-type preliminary studies for this application, we quantified inflammatory biomarkers in the serum and identified protein profiles that are highly specific for biliary atresia and predict adequate response to surgical treatment. These data form the foundation for the overall hypothesis that hepatic and circulating biomarkers linked to pathogenesis of biliary injury are predictors of diagnosis, stages of liver disease, and clinical outcome. To test this hypothesis, we will create a Data Integration Platform with key clinical, laboratory and histological data combined with comprehensive expression profiles for genes (in the liver) and protein (in the serum) of patients with biliary atresia and diseased- and healthy-controls. We will mine the platform to pursue three aims: 1) To define disease stages at diagnosis of biliary atresia with relevance to clinical outcome, 2) To identify biological predictors and favorable response to treatment, and 3) To discover serum biomarkers of tissue fibrosis and clinical end-points of cirrhosis. Experiments for Aim 1 will use RNAseq to generate whole-genome expression datasets to validate inflammatory and fibrotic signatures and stage the liver disease at diagnosis, identify molecular predictors of response to steroid treatment, and investigate new transcriptional mechanisms of disease. Experiments for Aims 2 and 3 will use protein-multiplexing technologies to quantify serum biomarkers of inflammation and fibrosis and highly stringent statistical models to define previously unrecognized subgroups of patients based on their biological makeup (stages of disease) that are predictive of response to standard surgery, new medical therapies, and progression of portal hypertension. By applying highly complementary approaches to study tissues from adequately sized cohorts that have been prospectively phenotyped by ChiLDREN, our experiments will provide insight into how future clinical trials and the care of affected children can be personalized based on biomarkers of disease.

Public Health Relevance

This project studies biliary atresia, the most common cause of chronic liver disease in children and the leading indication for pediatric liver transplantation in the United States. The overall aim is to define the biological basis of disease phenotypes and clinical outcomes. To achieve this aim, we will analyze the liver transcriptional profiles and the serum protein signatures to stage the liver disease at diagnosis, and identify biomarkers that predict treatment response and monitor progression to cirrhosis. The proposed studies will allow for personalization of care and the design of future clinical trials that take into account the biological makeup of the patients.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DK083781-06
Application #
8932677
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZDK1-GRB-C (O1))
Program Officer
Doo, Edward
Project Start
2009-07-01
Project End
2019-08-31
Budget Start
2015-09-01
Budget End
2016-08-31
Support Year
6
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
$459,726
Indirect Cost
$165,030
Name
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
Department
Type
DUNS #
071284913
City
Cincinnati
State
OH
Country
United States
Zip Code
45229
Yang, Li; Mizuochi, Tatsuki; Shivakumar, Pranavkumar et al. (2018) Regulation of epithelial injury and bile duct obstruction by NLRP3, IL-1R1 in experimental biliary atresia. J Hepatol 69:1136-1144
Bezerra, Jorge A; Wells, Rebecca G; Mack, Cara L et al. (2018) BILIARY ATRESIA: Clinical and Research Challenges for the 21st Century. Hepatology :
Luo, Zhenhua; Jegga, Anil G; Bezerra, Jorge A (2017) Gene-disease associations identify a connectome with shared molecular pathways in human cholangiopathies. Hepatology :
Jee, Junbae; Mourya, Reena; Shivakumar, Pranavkumar et al. (2017) Cxcr2 signaling and the microbiome suppress inflammation, bile duct injury, and the phenotype of experimental biliary atresia. PLoS One 12:e0182089
Lertudomphonwanit, Chatmanee; Mourya, Reena; Fei, Lin et al. (2017) Large-scale proteomics identifies MMP-7 as a sentinel of epithelial injury and of biliary atresia. Sci Transl Med 9:
Yamada, Daisaku; Rizvi, Sumera; Razumilava, Nataliya et al. (2015) IL-33 facilitates oncogene-induced cholangiocarcinoma in mice by an interleukin-6-sensitive mechanism. Hepatology 61:1627-42
Squires, James E; Shivakumar, Pranavkumar; Mourya, Reena et al. (2015) Natural killer cells promote long-term hepatobiliary inflammation in a low-dose rotavirus model of experimental biliary atresia. PLoS One 10:e0127191
Asai, Akihiro; Miethke, Alexander; Bezerra, Jorge A (2015) Pathogenesis of biliary atresia: defining biology to understand clinical phenotypes. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 12:342-52
Shivakumar, Pranavkumar; Mourya, Reena; Bezerra, Jorge A (2014) Perforin and granzymes work in synergy to mediate cholangiocyte injury in experimental biliary atresia. J Hepatol 60:370-6
Bessho, Kazuhiko; Mourya, Reena; Shivakumar, Pranavkumar et al. (2014) Gene expression signature for biliary atresia and a role for interleukin-8 in pathogenesis of experimental disease. Hepatology 60:211-23

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