The adipocyte hormone leptin has a wide-scope of actions including regulation of weight and insulin sensitivity. We showed that leptin therapy in the setting of non-HIV lipodystrophy reverses insulin resistance, hypertriglyceridemia and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Subsequently, we have shown that 40% of male patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH, the most severe form of NAFLD) have relative leptin deficiency (RLD) by demonstrating a leptin level <25th percentile of BMI- and-gender-matched NHANES III cohort. We have recently completed a pilot study that investigated effects of leptin therapy in NASH and RLD. Preliminary data are encouraging to suggest that male patients with RLD are in fact leptin-responsive as they demonstrate salutary metabolic effects as well as histopathological improvement in liver with open-label leptin therapy. We now propose to explore RLD in NASH in a broader scale.
In Aim 1, we will test the efficacy of recombinant leptin therapy in 40 men with NAFLD/NASH and RLD against placebo whose diets will be controlled with moderate caloric restriction in a double-blind design for 1 year.
In Aim 2, we will investigate the time course of change that we have observed over resting energy expenditure (REE). We will also explore mechanisms of change in REE by studying autonomic function, thyroid axis and brown fat mass by performing FDG- PET scanning. If this proposal is completed successfully, results may offer new clinical and molecular insights into leptin action in humans.
In Aim 3, we will determine the differences in hepatic gene expression as well as serum metabolomic profiles. Preliminary data are showing interesting leads for a regulatory role for leptin in the hepatic FXR/RXR pathway. We will have the opportunity to investigate this in greater detail in a larger number of patients using a controlled diet and against placebo control.

Public Health Relevance

A growing complication of obesity is fatty liver disease, with least a third of the general population afflicted with this condition. Understanding the link between signals of adiposity (such as leptin) and fatty liver disease may help us improve our approaches to obesity and insulin resistance. If our hypotheses are correct, 20% of people with fatty liver disease (those with relative leptin deficiency) may derive direct clinical benefit from implications of our research.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
1R01DK088114-01A1
Application #
8039717
Study Section
Clinical and Integrative Diabetes and Obesity Study Section (CIDO)
Program Officer
Doo, Edward
Project Start
2011-02-05
Project End
2015-12-31
Budget Start
2011-02-05
Budget End
2011-12-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$387,500
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Michigan Ann Arbor
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
073133571
City
Ann Arbor
State
MI
Country
United States
Zip Code
48109
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Ajluni, Nevin; Meral, Rasimcan; Neidert, Adam H et al. (2017) Spectrum of disease associated with partial lipodystrophy: lessons from a trial cohort. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 86:698-707
Habers, G Esther A; Huber, Adam M; Mamyrova, Gulnara et al. (2016) Brief Report: Association of Myositis Autoantibodies, Clinical Features, and Environmental Exposures at Illness Onset With Disease Course in Juvenile Myositis. Arthritis Rheumatol 68:761-8
Brown, Rebecca J; Araujo-Vilar, David; Cheung, Pik To et al. (2016) The Diagnosis and Management of Lipodystrophy Syndromes: A Multi-Society Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 101:4500-4511

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