Thyroid hormone (TH) is a critical regulator of metabolism and body weight in humans. Indeed, TH has been shown to regulate energy expenditure, lipid levels and insulin sensitivity to improve metabolic outcome. Because of these beneficial effects, TH or one of its analogs is a potential therapeutic for a wide variety of metabolic diseases. However, if excessively dosed TH has significant side effects especially on the heart and bone. Remarkably, TH action in humans is determined almost exclusively by the use of the thyrotropin (TSH) assay which depends only upon TH action at the level of the hypothalamus and pituitary. Thus, there is a critical need for improved biomarkers that would allow for tailoring of TH therapy to improve metabolic health and allow for enhanced safety. To begin to accomplish this we have used metabolomic profiling and mouse genetic models to begin to characterize TH sensitive pathways in vivo. Our preliminary work has identified unique metabolites that are regulated by TH that serve both as biomarkers and also as mediators of thyroid hormone action. In this proposal in the first aim we will extend our analysis of the regulation of metabolite profiles by TH in a tissue-specific and TH receptor specific fashion and extend our analysis into humans for the first time. In the second Aim we will determine the mechanism by which TH regulates methionine metabolism which is likely critical to TH ability to control gene expression and regulate programs such as fatty acid oxidation. In the third Aim we will use novel genetic mouse models to determine how TH controls cholesterol metabolism gaining further insight into a key pathway regulated by TH. Together, completion of these Aims will provide for a new platform for both understanding and defining TH action in vivo.

Public Health Relevance

Thyroid hormone is major regulator of body weight and metabolic status in humans. Despite its prominent role in normal human function and in replacement therapy our ability to determine its beneficial effects are limited as our diagnostic tests has remained similar for 50 years. The goal of this application is to use novel biochemical and genetic platforms to better understand thyroid hormones beneficial effects on metabolism in order to better tailor replacement therapy in patients and to aid in the development of novel therapies for metabolic disease.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DK098525-02
Application #
8735134
Study Section
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology Study Section (MCE)
Program Officer
Margolis, Ronald N
Project Start
2013-09-16
Project End
2018-07-31
Budget Start
2014-08-01
Budget End
2015-07-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2014
Total Cost
$506,380
Indirect Cost
$146,200
Name
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Department
Type
DUNS #
071723621
City
Boston
State
MA
Country
United States
Zip Code
02215
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Mendoza, Arturo; Hollenberg, Anthony N (2017) New insights into thyroid hormone action. Pharmacol Ther 173:135-145
Vella, Kristen R; Hollenberg, Anthony N (2017) The actions of thyroid hormone signaling in the nucleus. Mol Cell Endocrinol 458:127-135
Mendoza, Arturo; Astapova, Inna; Shimizu, Hiroaki et al. (2017) NCoR1-independent mechanism plays a role in the action of the unliganded thyroid hormone receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 114:E8458-E8467
Hollenberg, Anthony N (2016) The Endocrine Society Centennial: The Thyroid Leads the Way. Endocrinology 157:1-3