The primary goal of this proposal is to study magnetic forces on electric currents in biological tissue, and to analyze and develop new imaging techniques that use these """"""""magneto-acoustic"""""""" effects. In the last two decades, many researchers have proposed magneto-acoustic methods to image current and conductivity, and have suggested that magnetic forces and the resulting displacements may play a role in magnetic resonance imaging. At the moment, experiment is leading theory in this field, and this proposal will provide a broad, unified theoretical framework upon which these experimental methods can be built. The research draws upon a variety of fields, including bioelectricity, biomagnetism, and elasticity. There are five specific aims.
Specific Aim 1 : Calculate the magnitude and distribution of displacement caused by the Lorentz force (the force on a current in a magnetic field) during magnetic resonance imaging. Displacements caused by the Lorentz force has been proposed as a mechanism to image neural action currents, and this aim will examine if such a mechanism is possible.
Specific Aim 2 : Determine the effect of anisotropy during magneto-acoustic tomography with magnetic induction. This technique has been proposed as a way to image electrical conductivity, but initial studies considered only isotropic tissue. Anisotropy may play a crucial role in magnetoacoustic tomography.
Specific Aim 3 : Analyze theoretically the relationship between conductivity gradients and the ultrasonically-induced Lorentz force. The inverse of magneto-acoustic imaging is ultrasonically-induced voltages arising from the Lorentz force.
This aim will develop general mathematical techniques to image action currents from nerve and muscle using ultrasound.
Specific Aim 4 : Develop a mechanical bidomain model to analyze the Lorentz force on cardiac wave fronts. The electrical bidomain model is widely used to represent the electrical properties of cardiac tissue. In this aim, a similar model will be developed for the mechanical properties of tissue, which accounts for the elastic properties of the intracellular space, the extracellular space, and their coupling through the cell membrane.
Specific Aim 5 : Compute the magnetic field produced by cardiac tissue, and determine its influence during magnetic resonance imaging. Many researchers have sought a way to use magnetic resonance imaging to detect neural action currents. However, the current produced by a nerve is small compared to the current produced by the heart. In this aim, the MRI signature of a cardiac action potential wave front will be calculated. All five of these aims are addressed using theoretical and computational methods, and the results will be compared to existing experimental data.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01EB008421-04
Application #
8052913
Study Section
Biomedical Imaging Technology Study Section (BMIT)
Program Officer
Sastre, Antonio
Project Start
2008-07-01
Project End
2013-04-30
Budget Start
2011-05-01
Budget End
2013-04-30
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$92,815
Indirect Cost
Name
Oakland University
Department
Physics
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
041808262
City
Rochester
State
MI
Country
United States
Zip Code
48309
Puwal, Steffan; Roth, Bradley J; Basser, Peter J (2017) Heterogeneous anisotropic magnetic susceptibility of the myelin-water layers causes local magnetic field perturbations in axons. NMR Biomed 30:
Roth, Bradley J; Luterek, Adam; Puwal, Steffan (2014) The movement of a nerve in a magnetic field: application to MRI Lorentz effect imaging. Med Biol Eng Comput 52:491-8
Roth, Bradley J (2013) The Mechanical Bidomain Model: A Review. ISRN Tissue Eng 2013:863689
Roth, Bradley J (2013) Boundary Layers and the Distribution of Membrane Forces Predicted by the Mechanical Bidomain Model. Mech Res Commun 50:12-16
Puwal, Steffan (2013) Two-domain mechanics of a spherical, single chamber heart with applications to specific cardiac pathologies. Springerplus 2:187
Puwal, Steffan; Roth, Bradley J (2013) Monodomain shear wave propagation and bidomain shear wave dispersion in an elastic model of cardiac tissue. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 87:024701
Jay, William I; Wijesinghe, Ranjith S; Dolasinski, Brain D et al. (2012) Is it possible to detect dendrite currents using presently available magnetic resonance imaging techniques? Med Biol Eng Comput 50:651-7
Punal, Vanessa M; Roth, Bradley J (2012) A perturbation solution of the mechanical bidomain model. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 11:995-1000
Puwal, Steffan; Roth, Bradley J (2011) Fourier analysis in Magnetic Induction Tomography: Mapping of anisotropic, inhomogeneous resistivity. Meas Sci Technol 22:
Puwal, Steffan; Roth, Bradley J (2011) Fourier-based magnetic induction tomography for mapping resistivity. J Appl Phys 109:14701

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