The overall objectives are to develop nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques and use them in concert with other experimental approaches to elucidate the molecular structure and physiologic functions of selected membrane-targeting proteins involved in phototransduction in vision and other signal transduction processes. During the next five years, we will use nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), fluorescence, microcalorimetry, spin-label EPR, x-ray crystallography, and computational analysis to delineate the structure, dynamics and mechanisms of a family of neuronal calcium sensor proteins (calcium-myristoyl switches) that serve as membrane- targeting regulators in calcium signaling and are linked to retinal and neurological diseases. Our studies will focus on retinal recoverin, involved in cancer-associated retinopathy; guanylate cyclase activating proteins (GCAPs); linked to autosomal dominant cone dystrophy; centrins, that control protein translocation in photoreceptors; and calcium binding protein-4 (CaBP4), implicated in congenital stationary night blindness. By continuing our intensive study of retinal recoverin and the GCAP proteins and by broadening its scope to encompass neuronal homologs and protein targets, we hope to gain an atomic-level understanding of how calcium sensor proteins operate in signal transduction and disease processes. In particular, we want to understand how covalently attached myristoyl groups work in concert with calcium-binding sites and target proteins to guide this family of proteins to specific membrane-bound targets.
The specific aims are 3-fold: (1) Determine atomic-level structures of the GCAP proteins bound to retinal guanylate cyclases (RetGCs) to elucidate the Ca2+-dependent activation mechanism of RetGCs and thus provide a structural basis for understanding mechanisms of visual recovery and retinal degenerative diseases; (2) Determine structures of centrin-1 bound to T? to provide a structural basis for understanding the mechanism of light-dependent protein translocation and its role in light adaptation; (3) Determine atomic-level structures of the retinal calcium sensor protein (CaBP4) and its structural interaction with voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (CaV1.4) at the rod synapse to understand the Ca2+-dependent regulatory mechanism of ion channels linked to retinal diseases.

Public Health Relevance

Calcium ion (Ca2+) in the cell is important for transmitting and regulating neural signals in vision. The goal of our research is to understand how calcium sensor proteins in the brain and retina transduce calcium signals and regulate the transport of cellular Ca2+ through ion channels during phototransduction and cell signaling.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Eye Institute (NEI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01EY012347-18
Application #
8815312
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1)
Program Officer
Neuhold, Lisa
Project Start
1999-01-01
Project End
2016-03-31
Budget Start
2015-04-01
Budget End
2016-03-31
Support Year
18
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of California Davis
Department
Chemistry
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
047120084
City
Davis
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
95618
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Wang, Yan; Xiao, Wenwu; Zhang, Yonghong et al. (2016) Optimization of RGD-Containing Cyclic Peptides against ?v?3 Integrin. Mol Cancer Ther 15:232-40
Turner, Matthew; Anderson, David E; Rajan, Sahana et al. (2016) Chemical shift assignments of the C-terminal EF-hand domain of ?-actinin-1. Biomol NMR Assign 10:219-22

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